1.3.3 Networks Flashcards
Are the internet and the world wide web the same thing?
Explain
No
The internet is the service that allows computers to connect to each other, the world wide web is a collection of web pages stored on computers that are connected via the internet.
What is a URL?
The full address of an internet resource.
What does a URL specify?
The location of the resource on the internet
The resource name
The file type
What is the job of internet registries?
They hold records of all of the possible domain names that are in use and available for purchase.
They assign an IP address to a domain name and track which addresses are assigned to which names
Give some examples of TLDs?
.uk
.fr
.de
Give an example of some 2LDs.
.co
.sch
.gov
What does a fully qualified domain name contain?
- Host server name
- Website name
- Domain suffix
What is the difference between a fully qualified domain name and a website domain name?
A website domain name does not include the host server.
Describe the makeup of a fully qualified domain name.
[HOST].[WEBSITE NAME].[2LD].[TLD]
What does IP address stand for?
Internet protocol address
What is an IP address
A unique address that is assigned to a network device
Indicates where data has originated from and where it is to be sent
What is a wide area network?
A network of inter-connected networks spread over a large geographical area.
What do wide area networks depend on?
Third party carriers to provide connections
e.g. cable under Atlantic ocean connecting Europe and USA
What is a local area network?
A number of computers connected to each other in a close geographical area.
What can users on a local area network do?
Use connected peripherals, such as printers
Access other computers
Describe a bus topology.
All computers and peripherals are connected to a single cable.
There are terminators at either end of the cable.
What is the main advantage of a bus topology?
It is very cheap to install as only a single cable is required with no additional hardware.
What are some disadvantages of a bus topology?
- If the main cable fails, none of the computers can communicate
- If there is heavy traffic on the network, performance will degrade
- All computers on the network can see all of the data flowing - low security
Describe a star topology.
Each device on the network is connected via a central node which acts as a router to only send the correct information to the relevant computer,
What are some advantages of a star topology?
- If a cable fails, only the computer that is connected via that cable cannot communicate
- Performance does not degrade with heavy use
- No “collisions” of data
- Secure as messages are only sent to the computers which they are supposed to
- Easy to add more devices to the network
What are some disadvantages of a star topology?
- They are expensive to install as they require lots of wire and a centralised router
- If the router goes down, none of the computers can communicate
What is a physical topology?
Its actual design layout - how the system is wired
What is a logical topology?
The shape of the path that data takes as it travels through the system.
Physical and logical topologies are _____ of each other.
Independent