1.3.2 Electronegativity Flashcards
When are electrons shared equally between two bonded atoms?
Electrons are shared equally between the two bonded atoms if they are the same element.
What happens if two atoms have a different electronegativity?
If two atoms have a different electronegativity then one atom will have more of a share of the electrons
Define electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons in a covelant bond
What is the most electronegative element?
Fluorine is the most electronegative element, with a value of 4.0
What effect does a greater atomic radius have on electronegativity?
Greater atomic radius causes a lower electronegativity value. This is due to the shielding effect.
What effect does a greater nuclear charge have on electronegativity?
A greater nuclear charge causes a greater electronegativity. This is due to there being more protons attracting the electrons.
When is a polar bond formed?
A polar bond is formed when a bonding pair of electrons isn’t shared equally
What charges are given to the greater and lesser electronegative atoms?
The more electronegative gets a patrial negative charge, so the less electronegative gets a partially positive charge.
What do we know about partial charges if the atoms are drawn in a line?
If the atoms are drawn in a straight line, the partial charges will cancel each other out.
When will a molecule be polar?
- if it contains at least 1 polar bond; and- it has a net dipole
