130 Carotid

Question 1

What measurements should you take in spectral Doppler?

Answer 1

Peak systolic and end diastolic velocity

Question 2

Extracranial vessels

Answer 2

outside the skull

Question 3

Intracranial vessels

Answer 3

inside the skull

Question 4

Cerebrovascular system

Answer 4

blood vessels supplying and draining the brain

Question 5

What is a stroke?

Answer 5

episode of regional cerebral ischemia

Question 6

Where does arterial occlusion mostly occur?

Answer 6

ICA

Question 7

Transient Ischemic Attack

Answer 7

resolves within 24 hours

Question 8

Reversible Ischemic Neurological Occlusion

Answer 8

resolves within 48 hours

Question 9

Non-modifiable risk factors of stroke

Answer 9

age, race, sex

Question 10

Modifiable risk factors of stroke

Answer 10

#1 = hypertension
cardiac diseases
diabetes mellitus
elevated cholesterol
smoking
sedetary lifestyle/ obesity

Question 11

Atherosclerosis

Answer 11

buildup of plaque in the artery. Hardening of vessel wall

Question 12

What are the warning signs of stroke?

Answer 12

1. Numbness and weakness of one side of the body.
2. Confusion; trouble speaking (aphasia)
3. Trouble seeing in one or both eyes (amaurosis fugax)
4. Dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
5. Headache
6. Loss of consciousness (syncope)

Question 13

Tributaries of the innominate artery

Answer 13

R CCA and R Subclavian

Question 14

Tributary of R Subclavian

Answer 14

R Vertebral

Question 15

Connective sheath enclosing the vagus nerve, CCA and IJV

Answer 15

Carotid Sheath

Question 16

How many vessels supply blood extracranially?

Answer 16

4
R and L CCA
R and L vertebral

Question 17

Which CCA branch is smaller?

Answer 17

ECA

Question 18

What part of the brain does ICA supply?

Answer 18

Anterior

Question 19

Sudden onset of blindness

Answer 19

amaurosis fugax

Question 20

Loss of consciousness

Answer 20

syncope

Question 21

altered speech

Answer 21

aphasia

Question 22

Bruid

Answer 22

noise caused by tissue vibration produced by blood flow turbulence

Question 23

Transducer or choice for carotid imaging

Answer 23

high frequency linear

5, 7, 10 MHz

Question 24

vessel diameter and plaque should be measured in this view

Answer 24

transverse

Question 25

What is the normal spectral waveform in the CCA?

Answer 25

Mixed resistance

Question 26

What is the normal spectral waveform in the ICA?

Answer 26

Low resistance

Question 27

What is boundary layer separation?

Answer 27

normal flow disturbance with transient reversal of blood flow on the posterior wall of carotid bulb

Question 28

What is the normal spectral waveform in the ECA?

Answer 28

High resistance. Pulsatile

Question 29

What is the normal spectral waveform in the vertebral artery?

Answer 29

Low resistance

Question 30

Increase in blood flow is usually associated with ______

Answer 30

tortuous vessel

Question 31

True/False

You can make diagnosis based on spectral Doppler only

Answer 31

True

Question 32

True/False

You can make diagnosis based on Color Doppler only

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What does color Doppler provider you with?

Answer 33

Average velocity

Question 34

What does spectral Doppler provide you with?

Answer 34

Peak velocity

Question 35

What are two places where you’d see triphasic flow?

Answer 35

Legs and subclavian arteries

Question 36

What does filling of the spectral window represent?

Answer 36

Stenosis