1.3 The Formation, Mining, and Use of Minerals

Question 1

a natural mineral whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the mineral to be mined profitably.

Answer 1

ore

Question 2

the process of returning land to its original condition after mining is completed

Answer 2

reclamation

Question 3

a small amount of an element not usually found in the mineral

Answer 3

impurities

Question 4

When a body of salt water dries up, minerals are left behind. As the water evaporate, the minerals crystallize.

Answer 4

evaporation

Question 5

High temperatures and pressures deep below the ground can cause the minerals in rock to change into different minerals.

Answer 5

metamorphism

Question 6

Surface water and ground water carry dissolved minerals into lakes and seas. The minerals can crystallize on the bottom of the lake or sea.

Answer 6

deposition

Question 7

Water underground can be heated by hot rock. The hot water can dissolve some minerals and deposit other minerals in their place.

Answer 7

reaction

Question 8

Melted rock can cool slowly under Earth’s surface. As the melted rock cools, minerals form.

Answer 8

cooling

Question 9

nonmetallic minerals that are considered valuable because of their beauty or rarity

Answer 9

gemstones

Question 10

people use this to remove ores that are near Earth’s surface

Answer 10

surface mining

Question 11

people use this to remove ores that are deep underground

Answer 11

subsurface mining