1.3 Summarize general OS installation considerations and upgrade methods.

Question 1

• Boot methods

Answer 1

• Boot methods

Question 2

• USB

Answer 2

Boot methods • USB storage • USB must be bootable

• Computer must support booting from USB/CHECK BIOS

Question 3

• CD-ROM

Answer 3

Must be bootable disk, enter UEFI or BIOS firmware and setup for boot order

Question 4

• DVD

Answer 4

Must be bootable disk, enter UEFI or BIOS firmware and setup for boot order

Question 5

• PXE

Answer 5

• PXE (“Pixie”) - Preboot eXecution Environment • Perform a remote network installation • Computer must support booting with PXE-

Set your BIOS or UEFI to access the PXE (Preboot eXecution Environment) which will enable the UEFI/BIOS to find the installation files over the network.

When the files are located and installation begins, no more interaction is required, leaving the tech free to repeat the process again.

When the systems are properly preconfigured, they only need be turned on in order to start the process.

Question 6

• Solid state/flash drives

Answer 6

• Solid state drives / hard drives • Store many OS installation files

Question 7

• Netboot

Answer 7

• NetBoot • Apple technology to boot Macs from the network

* Similar concept to PXE • Boot methods

Question 8

• External/hot-swappable drive

Answer 8

• External / hot swappable drive • Some external drives can mount an ISO (DVD-ROM image)
• Boot from USB

Question 9

• Internal hard drive (partition)

Answer 9

• Internal hard drive • Install and boot from separate drive • Create and boot from new partition

Question 10

• Type of installations

Answer 10

Windows, Linux, etc. • Formatted partitions are called volumes

The disk partition SEPERATES the physical drive into logical pieces • Useful to keep data separated

• Multiple partitions are not always necessary BUT ARE Useful for LOADING MORE 2+ operating systems on the same HDD
• Microsoft’s nomenclature

Question 11

• Unattended installation

Answer 11

Types of installations • Unattended installation • Answer Windows questions in a file (unattend.xml)

• No installation interruptions

Question 12

• In-place upgrade

Answer 12

In-place Install – Bring the operating system from the current level to the new level preserving all documents and data

PRESERVES DATA/UPGRADES OS

Question 13

Windows Migration

Answer 13

This means that we install the new version, export required information from old system into the new system, then remove the old software entirely

Question 14

• Clean install

Answer 14

• Clean install • Wipe the slate clean and reinstall
• Migration tool can help

DELETES DATA

Question 15

• Repair installation

Answer 15

• Repair installation • Fix problems with the Windows OS

* Does not modify user files

Question 16

• Multiboot

Answer 16

Run two or more operating systems from a single computer

Question 17

• Remote network installation

Answer 17

• PXE (“Pixie”) - Preboot eXecution Environment • Perform a remote network installation
• Computer must support booting with PXE • NetBoot
• Apple technology to boot Macs from the network • Similar concept to PXE • Boot methods

Question 18

• Image deployment

Answer 18

• Image • Deploy an clone on every computer • Types of installations

Question 19

• Recovery partition

Answer 19

• Recovery partition • Hidden partition with installation files

Question 20

• Refresh/restore

Answer 20

• Refresh / restore • Windows 8/10 feature to clean things up • Requires a recovery partition

Question 21

• Dynamic Partitioning

Answer 21

• Dynamic ◦ MBR or GPT ◦ Volumes ▪ No primary partition limit** ▪ Can span multiple physical disks **Recommend 32 or fewer • Dynamic disk storage •

Available in all modern Windows versions • Span multiple disks to create a large volume • Split data across physical disks (striping) • Duplicate data across physical disks (mirroring) • Not all Windows versions support all capabilities

Question 22

• Basic

Answer 22

• Basic disk storage • Available in DOS and Windows versions • Primary/extended partitions, logical drives • Basic disk partitions can’t span separate physical disks •

▪ Limit to one physical disk** *MBR **Exception Clustered Disk Array

Question 23

Primary

Answer 23

When a new drive is installed, it will need to be initialized and formatted. If there are no other options selected, one primary partition will be created.

Next, format the partition to the desired filesystem. This formatted partition is referred to as a volume.

Question 24

• Extended

Answer 24

• Extended • Used for extending the maximum number of partitions • One extended partition per hard disk (optional) • Contains additional logical partitions • Logical partitions inside an extended partition are not bootable

Question 25

• Logical

Answer 25

Logical partitions are used for storing data mainly, they can be formatted and assigned drive letters;

Question 26

• GPT

Answer 26

GPT partition style • GPT (GUID Partition Table) • Globally Unique Identifier • The latest partition format standard

• Requires a UEFI BIOS • Can have up to • 128 primary partitions
• No need for extended partitions or logical drives

Question 27

Partitioning

Answer 27

Disk partitioning • The first step when preparing disks • May already be partitioned • Existing partitions may not always be compatible with your new operating system

• An MBR-style hard disk can have up to four partitions • GUID partition tables support up to 128 partitions • Requires UEFI BIOS or BIOS-compatibility mode
• BIOS-compatibility mode disables UEFI SecureBoot • You’ll probably have one partition

Question 28

• File system types/formatting

Answer 28

• File system types/formatting

Question 29

• ExFAT

Answer 29

• exFAT - Extended File Allocation Table • Microsoft flash drive file system • Files can be larger than 4 gigabytes

Question 30

• FAT32

Answer 30

FAT32 - File Allocation Table • Larger (2 terabyte) volume sizes • Maximum file size of 4 gigabytes

Question 31

• NTFS

Answer 31

NTFS • NTFS – NT File System • Extensive improvements over FAT32 • Quotas, file compression, encryption, symbolic links, large file support, security, recoverability

Question 32

• CDFS

Answer 32

• CDFS - Compact Disk File System • ISO 9660 standard • All operating systems can read the CD

Question 33

• NFS

Answer 33

• NFS • Network File System • Access files across the network as if they were local • NFS clients available across many operating systems

Question 34

• ext3, ext4

Answer 34

Other file systems • ext3 • Third extended file system • Commonly used by the Linux OS • ext4 • Fourth extended file system • An update to ext3 • Commonly seen in Linux and Android OS

Question 35

• HFS

Answer 35

• HFS+ / HFS Plus • Hierarchical File System
• Also called Mac OS Extended
• Replaced by Apple File System (AFPS) in macOS High Sierra (10.13)-

Question 36

• Swap partition

Answer 36

Swap Partition / Swap file / Page file • linux/unix – swap partition • windows – swap file • mac – page file •
Usually a fast drive or SSD • Represents virtual memory – extension of RAM, when the system runs out of RAM, it will write some of the pages in RAM down into the disc in order to free up room for the applications that are coming online

• When the data is not in the RAM, we run into a HARD PAGE FAULT, the computer, has to now go check the SWAP PARTITION/FILE/PAGEFILE. This is the normal processing of the operating system with these files.

Question 37

• Quick format vs. full format

Answer 37

Quick Format vs. Full Format Format • Applies file system • Removes existing file pointers

• Quick Format ◦ No scan for bad sectors
• Full Format ◦ Scans for bad sectors 🡪 then marks them and ignore the bad sectors on the disc

Question 38

• Load alternate third-party drivers when necessary

Answer 38

The only time we need this is when there is a piece of hardware that there aren’t any provided drivers for but it’s a compatible device, THAT IS NEEDED.

Clean source principle – Validating the integrity of the drivers before installing them

Question 39

• Workgroup vs. Domain setup

Answer 39

Will need to be configured to join them in

Question 40

• Time/date/region/language settings

Answer 40

This is always one of the first setup questions to answer in order to localize the machine.

Question 41

• Driver installation, software, and Windows updates

Answer 41

Immediately after an installation, check the device manager for any issues. Install any Windows updates that are available.

Depending on the age of your installation software, there may be 40 or so to deal with. Lastly, check the operation of your software, especially if you performed an in-place upgrade.

Question 42

• Factory recovery partition

Answer 42

If you are using a new machine for the first time, make sure your recovery partition is present and accessible. Get the large USB STICK ready and create your recovery disks.

Question 43

• Properly formatted boot drive with the correct partitions/format

Answer 43

Access the Disk management console and review the installed drive(s). Validate the partition data against your expectations.

Also, review any unallocated space and determine if you need to use it.

Question 44

• Prerequisites/hardware compatibility

Answer 44

All current Windows versions are covered in your objectives. The minimum hardware requirements are shown below: Hardware 32-Bit Windows 64-Bit Windows Other Support Processor 1 GHz or faster 1 GHz or faster Windows 8/10 requires support for NX, PAE , and SSE2 Memory (RAM) 1 GB 2 GB

Free hard drive space 16 GB 20 GB Video device and driver DirectX 9 device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver DirectX 9 device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver DirectX 9 device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver

Question 45

• Application compatibility

Answer 45

Use Windows Compatibility Mode to run programs that only operate in earlier Windows versions or use the Compatibility Mode Troubleshooter.

RC> THE APP>THE Properties of the program you are trying to run and you will see a Compatibility tab. The Troubleshooter is contained in there along with the ability to manually select the compatibility mode to a specific OS version

Question 46

• OS compatibility/upgrade path

Answer 46

See PM Chart