1.3 Protozoan Infections

Question 1

How does Acanthamoeba sp. spread to the CNS

Answer 1

hematogenously (by blood route)

Question 2

Treatment/Drugs used for BALANTIDIAL DYSENTERY

Answer 2

Tetracyline Metronazole Iodoquinol

Question 3

Naeglaria Trophozoite form reproduces by

Answer 3

Binary Fission

Question 3

Characterized by: bloody diarrhea with mucus 6-15 toilet visits in a day

Answer 3

BALANTIDIAL DYSENTERY

Question 4

Transmission of infective cysts of Acanthamoeba sp. is via dust or aerosols. T/F

Answer 4

True

Question 4

Largest protozoan parasite

Answer 4

BALANTIDIUM COLI

Question 5

Primary focus of infection of Acanthamoeba sp.

Answer 5

lower respiratory tract or skin

Question 5

Causative agent for balantidiasis or balantidial dysentery

Answer 5

BALANTIDIUM COLI

Question 5

Attack the intestinal epithelium leading to ulcers and bloody diarrhea

Answer 5

BALANTIDIUM COLI

Question 7

NAEGLARIA SPP Enters the body via

Answer 7

olfactory epithelium

Question 8

Small free-living ameba characterized by an active trophozoite stage and a dormant cyst stage.

Answer 8

ACANTHAMOEBA SP.

Question 8

Describe the movement of Acanthamoeba sp.

Answer 8

Sluggishly motile with polydirectional movement

Question 8

pores at the point of contact between the two walls of Acanthamoeba sp.

Answer 8

ostioles

Question 9

most commonly studied non-pathogenic species

Answer 9

Naeglaria gruberi

Question 10

Functions? Cytostome Cytopyge Mucocysts

Answer 10

Cytostome- for food acquisition Cytopyge- for excretion Mucocysts- for adhesion

Question 11

Acanthamoeba sp. infection Originally associated with the use of soft contact lenses and other predisposing conditions, such as in immunocompromised patients

Answer 11

AMEBIC KERATITIS

Question 12

some or all of the surface of these organisms is covered with relatively short, dense hairlike structures called, CILIA

Answer 12

Ciliates

Question 14

Agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)

Answer 14

Naeglaria fowleri

Question 15

primary infection caused by Acanthamoeba sp

Answer 15

MENINGOENCEPHALITIS/ GRANULOMATOUS AMEBIC ENCEPHALITIS (GAE)

Question 16

incubation period of Balantidium coli

Answer 16

4-5 days

Question 18

Inhibits pseudopod formation by inducing bleb formation of the plasma membrane; DOC in PAM

Answer 18

Amphotericin B

Question 20

preferred habitat of Naeglaria fowleri

Answer 20

Soil

Question 21

Can transform reversibly into a non-reproductive flagellate (cyst stage) when exposed to

Answer 21

distilled H2O

Question 23

Only ciliate found to be parasitic to man

Answer 23

BALANTIDIUM COLI

Question 24

Acanthamoeba sp. is an Opportunistic pathogen. T/F

Answer 24

True

Question 26

of dissemination to the rest of the CNS

Answer 26

Subarachnoid space

Question 27

a structure that beats to propel the ciliate through the water and/or to draw in food particles

Answer 27

Cilia

Question 28

Acanthamoeba sp. Incubation period

Answer 28

10 days

Question 29

small, spiny filaments for locomotion of Acanthamoeba sp.

Answer 29

Acanthapodia

Question 30

FREE-LIVING PATHOGENIC AMEBAE

Answer 30

Naeglaria Acanthameoba Balamuthia mandrillaris

Question 31

Describe the 2 walls of Acanthamoeba sp.

Answer 31

1. outer: wrinkled wall 2. inner: polygonally-shaped wall

Question 32

a Free-living amoebo-flagellate that can exist as an amoeba (trophozoite form) and as a flagellate (swimming form)

Answer 32

NAEGLARIA SPP