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CompTIA A+ Core 1 > 13. Network Configurations > Flashcards

13. Network Configurations Flashcards

1
Q

What configuration layer is responsible for putting frames in the physical network’s transmission media, and whose data can only travel through the local area network?

A

Link/Network Interface Layer

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2
Q

What configuration layer is used to address packets and route them across the network?

A

Internet Layer

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3
Q

What configuration layer shows how to send packets, and what are its two protocols?

A

Transport Layer | Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

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4
Q

What network configuration layer contains all the protocols that perform higher-level functions?

A

Application Layer

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5
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class A IPv4 address, and how many Class A hosts can there be?

A

1~127 | 16.7 million (256^3)

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6
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class B IPv4 address, and how many Class B hosts can there be?

A

128~191 | 65,536 (256^2)

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7
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class C IPv4 address, and how many Class C hosts can there be?

A

192~223 | 256

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8
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class D IPv4 address?

A

224~239

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9
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class E IPv4 address, and how many Class E hosts can there be?

A

240~255 | 268 million (reserved)

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10
Q

What refers to a logical identifier for a group of hosts in a computer network?

A

Multicast Address

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11
Q

What refers to a default subnet mask for a given class of IP addresses?

A

Classful Mask

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12
Q

What allows for borrowing some of the host bits and reassigning them to the network portion?

A

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

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13
Q

What are the CIDR notations for Class A, B, and C IP addresseS?

A

/8 | /16 | /24

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14
Q

What three 1st Octet Values are included among private IP ranges?

A

10 | 172 | 192

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15
Q

What allows for routing private IPs through a public IP?

A

Network Address Translation (NAT)

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16
Q

What are the NAT starting values for Class A, B, and C IP addresses?

A

10 | 172.16~172.31 |192.168

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17
Q

What is the Loopback Address often used for and what are its Octet Values?

A

Troubleshooting and testing a system’s network protocols | 127.0.0.1

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18
Q

What is used when a device does notm have a static IP or cannot reach a DHCP server, allows for quick configuration of a LAN without the need for a DHCP server, and whose assigned devices cannot communicate outside the LAN or with non-assigned devices?

A

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

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19
Q

What are the possible APIPA Octet Values, and what does the acronym DORA stand for?

A

169.254.0~255.0~255 | Discover Offer Request Acknowledge

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20
Q

What IPv4 assignment method involves manually typing the IP addresses for the host, its subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server?

A

Static assignment

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21
Q

What converts the domain names used by a website to the IP address of its server, and is like the internet version of a phonebook?

A

Domain Name System (DNS)

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22
Q

What identifies NetBIOS systems on a TCP/IP network and converts their names to IP addresses?

A

Windows Internet Name Service (WINS)

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23
Q

What dynamically assigns IP addresses and allows a workstation to load a copy of a boot image to a network?

A

Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP)

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24
Q

What assigns an IP based on an assignable scope or addresses and provides the ability to configure other options, eliminates configuration errors, and is a modern version of BOOTP?

A

Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP)

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25
What range of IPs is leased by DHCP for a period of time and return to the pool when their leases expire?
192.168.1.100~200
26
What is a new technology with the same features as APIPA, assigns an IPv4 link-local address to a client, and resolves computer names to IP addresses without the need for DNS by using multicast DNS (mDNS)?
Zero Configuration (ZeroConf)
27
What ZeroConf service discoveries are performed on Windows and Linux networks, respectively?
Windows = Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) | Linux = SystemD
28
How many IPs are available for DHCP to lease?
254
29
What is a domain name under a top-level provider?
Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
30
What is the DNS sequence of identification?
Root (answers requests in the root zone) > Top-level Domain (ex: .com, .net) > Second-level Domain (xyz.com) > Subdomain (mail.xyz.com) > Host (refers to a specific machine.server)
31
What contains the FQDN with the method of accessing information?
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
32
Which DNS record has the description "Address" and the function "Links a hostname to an IPv4 address"?
A
33
Which DNS record has the description "Address" and the function "Links a hostname to an IPv6 address"?
AAAA
34
Which DNS record has the description "Canonical Name" and the function "Points a domain to another domain or subdomain"?
CNAME
35
Which DNS record has the description "Mail Exchange" and the function "Directs emails to a mail server"?
MX
36
Which DNS record has the description "Text" and the function "Adds text to the DNS"?
TXT
37
Which DNS record has the description "Nameserver" and the function "Indicates which DNS nameserver has the authority"?
NS
38
CNAME records can only be used to point to another domain or subdomain, and not to what?
An IP address
39
What is a DNS record that identifies the host authorized to send mail for the domain?
Sender Policy Framework (SPF)
40
What provides the cryptographic authentication mechanism for mail using a public key published as a DNS record?
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM)
41
What is a framework used for proper application of SFP and DKIM, utilizing a policy that's published as a DNS record?
Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance (DMARC)
42
What type of DNS server stores all the DNS records for a given domain?
Nameserver
43
What allows cloud instances on the same network access each other using internal DNS names?
Internal DNS
44
What refers to records created around the domain names from a central authority and used on the public internet?
External DNS
45
What tells the DNS resolver how long to cache a query before requesting a new one?
Time to Live (TTL)
46
What makes a local copy of every DNS entry it resolves as connected to websites?
DNS Resolver / DNS Cache
47
What refers to when a DNS server communicates with several other DNS servers to hunt down the IP address and return it to the client?
Recursive Lookup
48
What refers to when each DNS server responds directly to the client with an IP address for another DNS server that may have the correct IP address?
Iterative Lookup
49
What allows different logical networks to share the same physical hardware and provides added security & efficiency?
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
50
What refers to when multiple VLANs are transmitted over the same physical cable?
VLAN Trunking (802.1q)
51
What are the two types of 4-byte identifiers for VLAN?
Tag Protocol Identifier (TPI) | Tag Control Identifier (TCI)
52
Which VLAN is left untagged?
The Native VLAN
53
What extends a private network across a public network and enables sending & receiving data across shared or public networks?
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
54
What routes & encrypts all network requests through the VPN connection back to the headquarters?
Full Tunnel VPN
55
What routes & encrypts only the traffic bound for the headquarters over the VPN, and sends the rest of the traffic to the regular internet?
Split Tunnel VPN
56
What creates a secure remote-access VPN tunnel using a web browser without requiring a software or hardware client?
Clientless VPN
57
What provides cryptography and reliability using the upper layers (5, 6, and 7) of the OSI model?
Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
58
What provides secure web browsing over HTTPS?
Transport Layer Security (TLS)
59
How many addresses does IPv4 support?
4.2 billion (2^32)
60
How many addresses does IPv^ support?
340 undecillion (2^128)
61
What are five concepts from the experimental IPv5 have been incorporated into IPv6?
Larger address space | No broadcasts | No fragmentation | Can coexist with IPv4 | Simplified header
62
What refers to simultaneously running both the IPv4 and IPv6 protocols on the same network devices?
Dual Stack
63
What allows an existing IPv4 router to carry IPv6 traffic?
Tunneling
64
Which type of IPv6 unicast address functions like IPv4's unicast cass A, B, C addresses, and begins with 2000~3999?
Globally routed
65
Which type of IPv6 unicast address is used like a private IP in IPv4 that can only be used on the LAN, and begins with FE80?
Link-Local / Local Use
66
What eliminates the need to obtain addresses or other configuration information from a central server?
Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)
67
What is used to identify a set of interfaces, and begins with FF?
Multicast address
68
What is used to identify a set of interfaces to that a packet can be sent to any member of a set?
Anycast address
69
What allows a host to assign itself a unique 64-but IPv6 interface identifier called an EU-64?
Extended Unique Identifier (EUI)
70
What is used to determine the Layer 2 addresses on a given network?
Neighbor Discover Protocol (NDP)
71
What range of numbers can Ports exist on?
0~65,535
72
Which Ports are considered well-known and are assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
0~1023
73
Which Ports are considered registered and are usually assigned to proprietary protocols?
1024~49151
74
Which Ports can be used by any application without being registered with IANA?
49,152~65,535
75
Which Ports are used for File Transfer Protocol (FTP), which provides insecure file transfers?
20, 21
76
Which Port is used by Secure Shell (SSH), which provides secure remote control of another machine using a text-based environment?
22
77
Which Port is used by Telnet, which provides insecure remote control of another machine using a text-based environment?
23
78
Which Port is used by Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), which provides the ability to send emails over the network?
25
79
Which Port is used by Domain Name Service (DNS), which converts domain names to IP addresses, and IP address to domain names?
53
80
Which Ports are used by Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP), which automatically provides network parameters such as assigned IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and the DNS server
67, 68
81
Which Port is used by Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is used for insecure web browsing?
80
82
Which Port is used by Post Office Protocol Version Three (POP3), which is used for receiving incoming emails?
110
83
Which Port is used by Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS), which is used for file or printer sharing in a Windows network?
137, 139
84
Which Port is used by Internet Mail Application Protocol (IMAP), which is a newer version of retrieving incoming emails and improves upon POP3?
143
85
Which Port is used by Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which is used to collect data about network devices and monitor their status?
161, 162
86
Which Port is used by Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), which is used to provide directory services to your network?
389
87
Which Port is used by HTTPS?
443
88
Which Port is used by Server Message Block (SMB), which is used for Widnows file and printer sharing services?
445
89
Which Port is used by Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), which provides remote GUI control of another client or server?
3389
90
What is a connection-oriented protocol and a reliable way to transport segments across a network?
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
91
What is a connectionless protocol that transmits segments called data grams?
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
92
What are three examples of TCP?
SSH, HTTP, HTTPS
93
What are four examples of UDP?
Audio, video streaming, DHCP, and TFTP

CompTIA A+ Core 1 (13 decks)

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