1.3 Knowledge and Science Flashcards
1
Q
Epistemology is the study of
A
knowledge
2
Q
There are many forms of knowing that include:
A
Personal experience, common sense, expert opinion, popular messages, ideological beliefs, and knowledge generated from systematic study and research
3
Q
A scientific approach combines assumptions about:
A
The world; our accumulated understandings; an orientation toward knowledge; specific procedures; and techniques, as well as instruments.
4
Q
Neuman (2011) outlines four methods that people use to acquire knowledge:
A
- Personal experience and common sense
- From experts and authorities
- Peers and media messages
- Ideological beliefs and values
5
Q
A scientific approach is characterised by:
A
- Clearly defined constructs and observed phenomena
- Theory-driven research questions and hypotheses
- Falsifiable hypotheses/predictions
- Valid measurement of constructs and observed phenomena
- Reproducible design, measures, and results
- Peer review and consensus
6
Q
A non-scientific approach can include:
A
- Overgeneralisation
- Selective observation
- Premature closure
- Halo effect
- False consensus
- Pseudoscience
- Junk science
- Pop science
