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Biology A2 Unit 5 > 13 Feedback mechanisms > Flashcards

13 Feedback mechanisms Flashcards

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1
Q

Negative feedback occurs when

A

the feedback causes the corrective measures to be turned off

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2
Q

Negative feedback means once the effect has been brought about…

A

the effector is turned off so corrective measures are stopped

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3
Q

Positive feedback occurs when…

A

the feedback causes the corrective measures to remain turned on,
so the system deviates even more from the normal

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4
Q

The oestrous cycle is…

A

the regular pattern of changes that take place in the reproductive system of female mammals

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5
Q

Hormones can only bind to…

A

cells with the appropriate (complementary) receptor

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6
Q

Four main hormones of the menstrual cycle

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinising hormone
Oestrogen
Progesterone

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7
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone…

A

stimulates the development of follicles in the ovary

stimulates the follicles to produce oestrogen

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8
Q

Hormones released from the pituitary gland

A

FSH

LH

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9
Q

Hormones produced in the ovaries

A

Oestrogen

Progesterone

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10
Q

Luteinising hormone…

A

causes ovulation to occur,

stimulates the ovary to produce progesterone

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11
Q

Oestrogen…

A

causes uterus lining to rebuild after menstruation

stimulates pituitary gland to produce LH

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12
Q

Progesterone…

A

maintains uterus lining for fertilised egg

inhibits FSH production

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13
Q

Days 1-5 of menstrual cycle

A

the uterus lining is shed

FSH is released into the blood, stimulating follicles

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14
Q

Growing follicles..

A

secrete low levels of oestrogen into the blood
causing uterus lining to build up again
inhibiting FSH and LH

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15
Q

Follicles grow and more oestrogen is produced…

A

At day 10, critical point; stimulates FSH and LH produciton

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16
Q

Surge in FSH and LH production causes…

A

follicle to release an egg (ovulation)

17
Q

After ovulation…

A

LH stimulates empty follicle -> corpus luteum

18
Q

Corpus luteum secretes…

A

progesterone and small amounts of oestrogen

19
Q

Progesterone maintains…

A

the thick uterus lining and inhibits FSH and LH

20
Q

If an egg is not released…

A

the corpus luteum degenerates and no longer produces progesterone

21
Q

When progesterone decreases…

A

the uterus lining isn’t maintained
the lining breaks down
FSH release isn’t inhibited and a follicle is stimulated (cycle repeats)

22
Q

Five stages of a homeostatic control system

A 
set point
receptor
controller
effector 
feedback loop

Biology A2 Unit 5 (7 decks)

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