1.3 Energy & Equilibria

Question 1

1st Law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

Energy can’t be created or destroyed only transferred

Question 2

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

In an isolated system, entropy increases over time, heat will always dissipate in any energy transfer e.g. energy passed own food chain is never 100% efficient

Question 3

Types of systems (equilibria) and meaning

Answer 3

Stable: Return to same equilibrium after disturbance
Unstable: Doesnt
Static: no change over time, in case of disturbance, a new equilibrium will be adopted

Question 4

What is a feedback loop

Answer 4

Input of info starts a reaction that inputs more information

Question 5

Positive feedback does what

Answer 5

Destabilising, amplifies changes
Drives system to a tipping point where a new equilibrium is adopted

Question 6

Example of positive feedback in nature

Answer 6

Forest fires cause deforestation which increases global temperature which increases forest fires

Question 7

What is negative feedback what does it do

Answer 7

Stabilises by reversing input with output

Question 8

What is resilience

Answer 8

Systems ability return to original equilibrium after a disturbance