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Computer Science > 1.3 Computer networks, connections and protocols > Flashcards

1.3 Computer networks, connections and protocols Flashcards

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1
Q

Features of LAN networks

A
  • Small geographical areas
  • Connects multiple nodes
  • Uses local connections such as Ethernet cables
  • Private ownership
  • Slightly faster
  • Used for smaller businesses
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2
Q

Features of WAN networks

A
  • Multiple geographical areas
  • Connects multiple LANs
  • Uses wide area connections such as the cloud
  • Private or public ownership
  • Slightly slower
  • Used for global or nationwide services
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3
Q

Factors affecting the performance of a network

A
  • Number of devices connected
  • Bandwidth, the amount of data that can be carried through a connection at any one time
  • Interference
  • Network traffic
  • Proximity to WAP
  • Latency, the length of time information takes to travel through the network
  • Error rate/collisions
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4
Q

Switch

A

Connects a device on a LAN using MAC addresses

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5
Q

Router

A

Connects devices on a WAN using IP addresses

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6
Q

WAP

A

Connects wired networks to wireless devices using their MAC addresses

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7
Q

NIC

A

Used to connect a device on the network. Each has an individual MAC address

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8
Q

Transmission media

A

The way in which data is sent between connected devices e.g. copper cables

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9
Q

Features of a client-server network

A
  • A central server backs up all file servers
  • Security is controlled by a central server
  • All users are reliant on the central server
  • Using servers enables businesses to grow to hundreds or thousands of computers and users
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10
Q

Features of a Peer-to-Peer network

A
  • Each computer needs to be backed up
  • Security is controlled by each individual member
  • There is no central sever
  • If one computer goes down, only its services are lost
  • Network is difficult to maintain beyond a few computers
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11
Q

How does a DNS work?

A
  • Client sends a DNS request for domain
  • DNS checks for domain, the forwards it on to the next DNS till IP and name match on in their database
  • Found IP returned to client
  • Client requests webpage from web server with matching IP address
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12
Q

Hosting

A
  • Provides database servers
  • Backup sites remotely
  • More bandwidth
  • Monitor servers 24/7
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13
Q

The Cloud

A
  • Services delivered over the internet
  • Accessible by any internet connected computer
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14
Q

Advantages of The Cloud

A
  • Can be accessed easily
  • Hosting organisations secure data well
  • Hosting organisations can back up data in different servers
  • Computing power is not required from the client to access stored data
  • Simple to expand
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15
Q

Disadvantages of The Cloud

A
  • Slow for data needs to be requested and transferred over long distances and there is a lot of network traffic
  • Subscription data storage can result in the loss of data accidentally
  • Personal data not stored by personal database
  • Limitations can be used by the service provider
  • Loss of internet connection results in a loss of availability of stored data by the client
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16
Q

Advantages of Star Network

A
  • Fast data transfer to the hub as each wire isn’t shared with other computers/A signal doesn’t need to be transmitted to all computers on the network
  • If on node/cable fails the other computers aren’t affected
  • Easy to add a new node or device
  • Fewer data collisions can occur
17
Q

Disadvantages of Star Network

A
  • Requires additional hardware such as the central switch and network cables
  • If the central switch fails the whole network goes down
18
Q

Advantages of Mesh Network

A
  • No single point of failure, it is resilient
  • Expansion and modification can be done without disrupting the network
  • Data can be transmitted from different devices simultaneously
19
Q

Disadvantages of Mesh Network

A
  • Can involve redundant connections
  • Expensive to install cabling if using wired connections
  • Network administration and maintenance is difficult
20
Q

Features of Ethernet

A
  • Fast data transfer
  • Better physical security
  • High range
  • Less susceptible to interference
  • Physical limitations with portability
  • Costly physical installations
  • Safety hazards with physical cable
21
Q

Features of Wi-Fi

A
  • Slower data transfer
  • Less secure
  • Range relies on WAP quality and interference
  • Can move around within range
  • Cheaper to set up and add new devices
  • Compatible with most devices
22
Q

Features of Bluetooth

A
  • Very slow data transfer
  • Less secure
  • Very short range
  • Ideal for personal devices and ad-hoc connections
  • Low power consumption
23
Q

Encryption

A

Used to protect data in case it is hacked or accessed illegally. Doesn’t prevent hacking however renders data incomprehensible without necessary decryption tools

24
Q

IP address

A

Changes, used for routing across WANs

25
Q

Standard

A

A set of technological specifications that allow devices made by different manufacturers to communicate with one another

26
Q

Protocol

A

A set of rules defining how devices communicate and transfer data on a network, ensuring all devices interpret data in the same way

27
Q

HyperText Transfer Protocol

A

Used for websites

28
Q

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure

A

Used for websites and encrypts data to restrict access

29
Q

File Transfer Protocol

A

Delivers and receives files

30
Q

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

A

Organises packet transfer down fastest route and reorders them, making sure that none have been lost and resending the message if so. Also routes packages over the internet

31
Q

Simple Message Transfer Protocol

A

Sends messages to the server then the internet

32
Q

Internet Message Access Protocol

A

Accessed messages from the server appear in your inbox without deleting it, so that it can be accessed by multiple recipients

33
Q

Post Office Protocol

A

Takes messages from the server and deletes them

34
Q

MAC address

A

Doesn’t change, used for routing across LANs, assigned by NIC

Computer Science (8 decks)

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