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REM II > 1.3 Anatomy Hypothalamus & Pituitary > Flashcards

1.3 Anatomy Hypothalamus & Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the hypothalamus located?

A

ventral diencephalon

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2
Q

What are the borders of the hypothalamus?

A 
Ant: optic chiasm
Lat: optic tracts
Post: mamillary bodies
Medial: 3rd ventricle
Sup: hypothalamic sulcus
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3
Q

What are the 2 important nuclei associated with the hypothalamus?

A

Paraventricular nucleus

Supraoptic nucleus

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4
Q

AKA of post pituitary

A

neurohypophysis

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5
Q

AKA of ant. pituitary

A

adenohypophysis

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6
Q

boney landmarks surrounding pituitary?

A

ant: tuberculum sellae
Post: dorsum sellae
inf: hypophyseal fossa
post and ant clinoid process

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7
Q

what is the hypothalamus derived from

A

prosencephalon

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8
Q

what layer is the pituitary derived from?

A

ectoderm

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9
Q

what are the 3 cell types of adenohypophosis?

A

acidophils
basophils
chromophobes

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10
Q

general histology of p ituitary

A

parnchyma consists of cords of small irregular groups of cells

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11
Q

What stain do you use to see the 3 cell types?

A

H and E stain based on affinity of cytoplasmic granules

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12
Q

Acidophils: staining, cell type

A

stains bright pink
somatotropes- GH
Mammotropes- PRL

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13
Q

Basophils: staining, cell type?

A

stains purple
Thyrotropes-TSH
Corticotropes- ACTH
Gonadotropes- FSH, LH

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14
Q

Chromophobes: staining, cell types

A

appear translucent

EM shows they are old basophils and acidophils

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15
Q

What ectoderm makes up the adenohypophysis

A

oral ectoderm from rathke’s pouch

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16
Q

What ectoderm makes up the neurohypophysis

A

neural ectoderm

17
Q

what is a pharyngeal hypophysis?

A

when rathkes pouch fails to close off in the oral cavity

18
Q

What can happen if the pituitary becomes enlarged?

A

bitemporal heminopsia
lack of eye abduction due to cranial nerve damage in 6
possible damage to 3 & 4 as well

REM II (11 decks)

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