1.3 Flashcards
MAC Address
Physical address of a network adapter
How many bits long is a MAC address?
48 bits/6 bytes
What are the two parts of a MAC Address?
OUI and NICS
OUI
Organizationally Unique Identifier
NICS
Network Interface Controller Specific
Half Duplex
Cannot send and receive simaltaneously
Full Duplex
Can send and receive simaltaneously
CSMA/CD
Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection
CSMA/CA
Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance
ARP request
Address Resolution Protocol request
What is an ARP request used for?
Determining MAC address from IP address
PDU
Protocol Data Unit
MTU
Maximum Transmission Unit
What are the 5 states of STP?
Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding, Disabled
Dual Stack Routing
Run’s both IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time
6to4 Addressing
Sends IPv6 traffic over IPv4 networks and creates the IPv6 address based on the IPv4 address
4in6 Addressing
Tunnels IPv4 traffic through IPv6 networks
Teredo/Miredo
Tunnels IPv6 traffic through IPv4 networks, and does not need a special IPv6 router
What is the difference with Teredo and Miredo?
Teredo is Microsoft proprietay, Meredo is open source
NDP
Neighbor Discovery Protocol
Packet Shaping (Traffic Shaping)
Controls traffic with bandwidth usage or data rates
What does packet shaping allow you to do?
Set important applications to have higher priority than others
QoS
Describes the process of controlling traffic flow of a network
CoS
Class of Service
Where in the OSI model does CoS work in?
Layer 2
What is port forwarding used for?
Directing inbound traffic to server/application on the network
How is port forwarding acomplished?
An external IP and port number maps to an internal IP and port number but does NOT have to be the same port number
ACL
Access Control List
What is the function of an ACL?
A packet filter that is used to allow of deny traffic, either incoming or outgoing
What criteria can ACL evaluate on?
Source IP, Destination IP, TCP port number, UDP port number, ICMP
How does a firewall rule work in an ACL?
Checks or a match logically, from top to bottom. Specific rules at the top, and if no match is found it moves down the list. At the very bottom is an implicit deny so no match=deny
Circuit Switching
A circuit is established between endpoints before data passes. No one can use the circuit when idle, and the connection is always there
Packet Switching
Groups data into packets to send across a network. Medium is shared, and someone else can use it when you are not
