128 - Endocrine

Question 0

From what are the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland formed?

Answer 0

Anterior lobe (glandular part) - pharyngeal ectoderm
Posterior lobe (nervous part) - neuroectoderm

Question 1

From which two sources does the pituitary gland develop?

Answer 1

Ectoderm of oral cavity (forms Rathke’s pouch) and neuroectoderm (forms infundibulum)

Question 2

what are the other names for the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland?

Answer 2

anterior lobe - adenohypophysis

posterior lobe - neurohypophysis - contains axons from hypothalamus which secrete oxytocin and vasopressin

Question 3

what is the medulla of the adrenal glands formed from?

Answer 3

neural crest cells

Question 4

what is the cortex of the adrenal glands formed from?

Answer 4

mesoderm (neural crest cells push into mesoderm to create medulla

Question 5

how is the thyroid formed?

Answer 5

foramen caecum of the endoderm develops into the thyroid diverticulum and descends leaving the thyroglossal duct. neural crest cells descend form 4th pharyngeal pouch to form C Cells (calcitonin cells)