12.3 Pulmonary Ventilation

Question 1

What is pulmonary ventilation?

Answer 1

circulation of air into and out of the lungs to continually replace the gases in the alveoli with those in the atmosphere

Question 2

What is inspiration?

Answer 2

active process of drawing of air into the lungs

Question 3

What is expiration?

Answer 3

passive process of movement of air out of the lungs

Question 4

What are the two membranes that surround each lung?

Answer 4

parietal pleura
visceral pleura

Question 5

What is the parietal pleura?

Answer 5

membrane that lines the inside of the chest cavity

Question 6

What is the visceral pleura?

Answer 6

membrane the lines the surface of the lungs

Question 7

What is the pleural space?

Answer 7

narrow space between the parietal and visceral pleura

Question 8

What is the parietal pressure?

Answer 8

negative pressure in the pleural space

Question 9

What main muscle drives inspiration?

Answer 9

diaphragm

Question 10

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 10

large skeletal muscle that is stretched below the ribs between the abdomen and chest cavity

Question 11

What happens during contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles?

Answer 11

the chest cavity is pulled down and out allowing for inspiration

Question 12

What is forced expiration?

Answer 12

contraction of the abdominal muscles pressing up on the diaphragm forced the chest cavity up

Question 13

What is spirometry?

Answer 13

measurement of the volume of air entering or exiting the lungs at the various stages of ventilation

Question 14

What is tidal volume?

Answer 14

amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs with normal light breathing

Question 15

What is expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 15

volume of air that can be expired after a passive resting expiration

Question 16

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 16

volume of air that can be inspired after a relaxed inspiration

Question 17

What is the functional residual capacity?

Answer 17

volume of air left in the lungs after a resting expiration

Question 18

What is the inspiratory capacity?

Answer 18

maximal volume of air which can be inhaled after a resting expiration

Question 19

What is the residual volume?

Answer 19

amount of air that remains in the lungs after the strongest possible expiration

Question 20

What is vital capacity?

Answer 20

maximum amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs after first taking the deepest breath possible

Question 21

What is total lung capacity?

Answer 21

vital capacity plus residual volume