123

Question 1

four types of evidence that indicate africa is mother continent

Answer 1

fossil, genetic, linguistic, archaeologicial

Question 2

humans have different ethnicities

distinguished from one another by ___ (3)

Answer 2

language,

culture, and nationality

Question 3

Baobab

Answer 3

African trees from the genus Adansonia; major

symbol of the West African Sahel

Question 4

__

affects African climates more than any other factor

Answer 4

rainfall (or its absence)

Question 5

describe climate zones in africa

Answer 5

wet tropical zone along equator; gets drier as you move to the north or to the south. large deserts in the interior of northern and southern africa. coastal regions that get
proportionately more rainfall than adjacent regions
in the interior

Question 6

describe climate of east african coast

Answer 6

the

climate is isolated from the rest of Africa by a mountainous ridge and is most influenced by weather in the indian ocean

Question 7

One of the most interesting features of climate

change in Africa over the millennia has been __, which over time led to __(4)

Answer 7

the
contraction and expansion of the Sahara Desert; innovations in
food production, new forms of irrigation, migratory
movements, and the formation of centralized states
along the Nile River and the Niger River to address
the problems of increasingly dense populations

Question 8

pastoralists

Answer 8

animal herders

Question 9

Africa is the world’s __ largest continent

__ square miles

Answer 9

2nd; 11.7 million

Question 10

the continent of afirca is mostly a __ with over __ of coastline and __ countries

Answer 10

plateau; 16,000 mi; 54

Question 11

africa contains about __ of the world’s landmass. some __percent of africa is __percent and __ is forest. __ united states, __, can fit on the african continent

Answer 11

20 percent of world’s landmass.
20 percent desert, 15 percent rainforest.
three U.S.s

Question 12

the __ river, which begins __ of the equator and flows __ward, is __ long and is [ most ]

Answer 12

nile; south; northward; 4160 mi; world’s longest river

Question 13

africa is larger than (4) combined

Answer 13

U.S., china, europe, india

Question 14

since africa was so large, __

Answer 14

control over people, rather than land, was the basis for power and wealth

Question 15

slash n burn farming

Answer 15

relied more on land than labor. cleared new land with fire –instead of applying fertilizer or rotating crops – to restore productivity on existing farms

Question 16

low-labor farming methods enabled

Answer 16

even single families to be self-sufficient, so there was less pressure to form larger groups than in places where land was more limited

Question 17

the nile flows from __ to __

Answer 17

central africa to mediterranean sea

Question 18

congo-zaire river: length, length rank, location

Answer 18

2,718 mi. world’s tenth longest. central africa to atlantic ocean

Question 19

niger river: length, location

Answer 19

2,600 mi. west africa to atlantic ocean

Question 20

zambezi river: length, location

Answer 20

1,800 mi. central africa to indian ocean

Question 21

As a consequence of ___, the largest
African populations developed in the interior, and
the coast remained sparsely populated until the Europeans
arrived.

Answer 21

only interior sections of most african rivers were navigable for long distances. navigation to coast was impossible b/c cataracts

Question 22

the niger river is navigable for __ mi

Answer 22

1,000. phildelphia –> chicago

Question 23

although the continent is basically flat, there’s

Answer 23

a long stretch of mountains and plateaus high in eastern africa, which was formed by the collision of 2 tectonic plates, and a few older mountain ranges in western africa that are mostly of volcanic origin

Question 24

The name “Africa” has not always been used to
refer to the continent of Africa. The name was initially
used limitedly to refer to ___. how then did “africa” end up applying to the entire continent?

Answer 24

Roman North Africa
after the fall of Carthage in 146 bce. The Arab conquerors
of the seventh century referred to the same region as “Ifriqiya.” Subsequently, the name “Africa” was applied to the entire continent during and after the voyages of exploration in the 15th century by the Portuguese and other Europeans.

Question 25

how many ethnic groups across africa

Answer 25

3000

Question 26

Hausa

Answer 26

the largest West African Muslim ethnic group;

live across the Sahel from Ghana to Sudan

Question 27

Yoruba

Answer 27

the major Nigerian ethnic group that
participated in the transatlantic slave trade; created
the Oyo kingdom in southwestern Nigeria

Question 28

Igbo

Answer 28

majority ethnic group in the region that declared

independence from Nigeria as the country Biafra

Question 29

Mande

Answer 29

the language group of about 30 million people

spread across thirteen West African countries

Question 30

Akan (2 things)

Answer 30

one of three West African gold fields located in
the forest and savanna of present-day Ghana; the other
two are Bambuk and Bure; also a language group

Question 31

Fula

Answer 31

the major ethnic group and language of West

Africa

Question 32

only [ ethnic group ] are concentrated largely within a single african country

Answer 32

Igbo