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123 Flashcards

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1
Q 
Which of the following is considered to be a plant behavior? 
A. response to sunlight
B. response to plant hormones
C. response to touch
D. response to gravity
E. all of the choices
A

E

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2
Q

Which one of the following is most correct concerning plant behavior?
A. It is influenced by external factors such as electrical impulses.
B. It is influenced by internal factors such as plant growth regulators.
C. It is influenced by internal factors such as gravity.
D. It is influenced by external factors such as microRNAs.
E. None of these choices is correct.

A

B

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3
Q

Plant behaviors are not always easily observed because they:
A. may occur at short intervals
B. are mostly internal to the plant
C. are mostly caused by internal organisms
D. are not observable by the human eye
E. are only observable with a microscope

A

A

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4
Q

Plant hormones bind specific cellular receptor molecules that trigger gene expression responses. Which statement is correct concerning these responses?
A. Only cells lacking receptors can bind hormones.
B. Only cells in the meristem can respond.
C. Only cells that express the appropriate receptors can bind hormones.
D. Only cells that have been previously activated can bind hormones.
E. None of these choices is correct.

A

C

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5
Q

Which of the following are environmental stimuli that influence plant responses?
A. rocks, light, touch, music
B. water, gravity, temperature, soil minerals, microorganisms
C. wind, temperature, fungi
D. CO2, light, water vapor, gravity
E. touch gravity, herbivores, pathogens

A

D

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6
Q 
Which of the following is the role of calcium-dependent protein kinases? 
A. receptor molecule
B. affector molecule
C. messenger molecule
D. effector molecule
E. all of the choices
A

D

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7
Q 
Which one of the following is not a major plant hormone? 
A. auxins
B. brassino-steroids
C. ethylene
D. cytokinins
E. ethanol
A

E

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8
Q 
Auxins primarily flow downward in shoots and roots and this transport is called: 
A. bipolar
B. polar
C. nonpolar
D. tripolar
E. dipolar
A

B

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9
Q 
One application of auxins is its use in the production of: 
A. fruit overgrowth 
B. fruit size increase 
C. fruit ripening 
D. fruit lacking seeds 
E. None of these is correct
A

D

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10
Q 
If growers want fruit to drop from trees simultaneously they might apply: 
A. auxins
B. ethylene
C. abscisic acid
D. gibberellins
E. brassinosteroids
A

A

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11
Q

The primary reason why certain trees tend to grow straight and tall with few lateral branches when compared with other trees is because:
A. of unknown reasons
B. Lateral buds are missing in many of these trees
C. Lateral bud development is dependent on temperature
D. Gibberellins affect the buds detrimentally
E. Auxins inhibit lateral bud development

A

E

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12
Q 
If a plant is bending towards the light, one would expect which enzymes to 
have increased in activity? 
A. auxins 
B. gibberellins 
C. wall-loosening enzymes 
D. ethylene 
E. None of these is correct
A

C

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13
Q 
Cytokinins are plant hormones that usually affect cell: 
A. elongation
B. growth
C. division
D. wall expansion
E. turgor pressure
A

C

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14
Q 
The best place to find gibberellins in a plant would be in the: 
A. apical buds 
B. roots 
C. young leaves 
D. seed embryos 
E. All of these are correct
A

E

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15
Q 
If a producer wants to prevent certain fruits from ripening they would apply: 
A. gibberellins
B. auxins
C. ethylene
D. cytokinins
E. ethanol
A

A

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16
Q 
Use of cytokinins has had wide application in the horticultural industry because cytokinins are used in: 
A. tissue cultures
B. fruit production
C. stem elongation
D. flower maturation
E. root development
A

A

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17
Q

Gibberellins were discovered as a result of:
A. extractions of this hormone from plants
B. a fungal disease on rice
C. an application of the hormone accidentally
D. many years of experiments to isolate it from plants
E. discovery of its relationship to auxins

A

B

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18
Q 
Ethylene has the effect of causing fruits to: 
A. enlarge
B. ripen
C. shrink
D. elongate
E. increase in juice content
A

B

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19
Q 
One of the important roles of ethylene in plant development is that it induces radial swelling in: 
A. root and stem seedling development
B. embryo expansion
C. seed germination
D. stem elongations
E. auxin production
A

A

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20
Q 
Which one of the following is considered to be an important plant hormone that helps plants cope with environmental stresses? 
A. auxins 
B. prostaglandins 
C. ethylene 
D. abscisic acid 
E. oxaloaecetic acid
A

D

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21
Q 
The plant hormone that prevents seed germination even if conditions of temperature and moisture conditions are appropriate would be: 
A. auxins
B. gibberellins
C. ethylene
D. abscisic acid
E. brassinosteroids
A

D

22
Q 
Abscisic acid is an important signal, transported from roots to the stem and leaves during times of water stress, that prevents: 
A. additional auxin production
B. ethylene buildup in the stems
C. leaf drop
D. phototropism
E. stomatal opening
A

E

23
Q 
Which of the following is a plant behavior that is influenced by light? 
A. solar tracking 
B. phototropism 
C. flowering 
D. seed germination 
E. All of the choices are true
A

E

24
Q 
Phototropism is a plant response controlled largely by which color of light? 
A. red 
B. blue 
C. violet 
D. green 
E. None of the choices is correct
A

B

25
Q 
Phytochrome is a light receptor that influences: 
A. stomata opening and closing
B. leaf drop
C. stem elongation
D. active transport in cell membranes
E. flowering
A

E

26
Q

Short-day plants are those that flower only when the night period of a plant is:
A. longer than a defined period
B. shorter than 12 hours
C. followed by short periods of light interruptions
D. less than that in summer
E. longer than 12 hours

A

A

27
Q

The main reason certain seeds germinate when brought to the soil surface, when the soil is disturbed, might be because:
A. They need additional oxygen.
B. They are then more aware of their surroundings.
C. They require light to germinate.
D. They have water deprivation.
E. They are sensitive to the cold temperatures of the soil

A

C

28
Q

Gravitropism is defined as:
A. growth in response to the Earth’s magnetic field
B. gravity’s pull on certain plant organs
C. growth in response to the force of gravity
D. any response to gravity that changes cell structures
E. growth mostly away from gravity

A

C

29
Q

When phytochromes mediate plant responses to shading they could cause:
A. leaves to fall off
B. leaves to turn towards the light
C. no influence on leaves
D. extension of shade leaves into the light
E. leaves to turn brown

A

D

30
Q 
Roots contain starch-heavy plastids known as: 
A. chloroplasts
B. plastoplasts
C. chromoplasts
D. statoliths
E. strongoliths
A

D

31
Q

Plant roots that are in a horizontal position grow down because:
A. Cells on the upper side elongate more than those on the lower side.
B. Auxins are stimulating cells on the lower side to elongate more.
C. Auxins are being pulled to the upper side.
D. Auxins are having no influence on this process.
E. Statoliths are pushing auxins to the upper side

A

A

32
Q 
In roots auxins tend to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ cell elongation, in stems they promote cell elongation. 
A. promote 
B. not influence 
C. have little effect on 
D. not be a factor in 
E. inhibit
A

E

33
Q 
The growth response in plants that is related to touch is called: 
A. gravitropism
B. gravitouchism
C. thigmotropism
D. turning in response to gravity
E. turning away from light
A

C

34
Q

The response to touch by such plants as the sensitive plant is due to:
A. changes in water content of cells
B. changes in electrical impulses at the touched area
C. auxin displacement in the touched area
D. effect of gibberellins on the area affected
E. sensitive responder cells

A

A

35
Q 
Certain plants may form tissues called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ when their roots are flooded, whereas other plants may always form these tissue types. 
A. parenchyma 
B. collenchyma 
C. sclerenchyma 
D. aerenchyma 
E. None of the choices is correct
A

D

36
Q 
Certain plants that grow in environments where their roots are often under water need to provide ways of getting which of the following to the roots? 
A. carbon dioxide
B. carbon monoxide
C. hydrogen
D. nitrogen
E. oxygen
A

E

37
Q 
Which one of the following would be the effect of salty environments on plants? 
A. loss of water
B. damage to membranes
C. uptake of salt that causes toxicity
D. water intake that causes turgid cells
E. damage to plant proteins
A

B

38
Q 
If plant breeders were to breed plants for release of certain compounds that attracted wasps this could help protect the plants from 
A. other insects
B. herbivores
C. certain caterpillars
D. All of these are correct.
E. None of these are correct
A

D

39
Q

Plant behavior is defined as response to stimuli
A. True
B. False

A

A

40
Q

Plant hormones (growth regulators) can travel from cell to cell within the plant only if they are moved by electrical impulses.
A. True
B. False

A

B

41
Q

Plants grow towards light because they sense a need for light
A. True
B. False

A

B

42
Q

The production of roots on cuttings of a houseplant is promoted when auxins are applied to the cut ends.
A. True
B. False

A

A

43
Q

Brassinosteroids produced by plants are closely related chemically to animal steroid hormones.
A. True
B. False

A

A

44
Q

Auxins are able to move vertically; however, they are restricted in movement laterally
A. True
B. False

A

B

45
Q

One reason auxins are called the “master plant hormones” is because they mostly work apart from other hormones
A. True
B. False

A

B

46
Q

Plant pathogenic fungi are often able to attack plants because they have mechanisms for overcoming the plant’s defense system
A. True
B. False

A

A

47
Q

The plant hypersensitive response is one in which the plant is unable to defend itself against a pathogen.
A. True
B. False

A

B

48
Q

Generally plants are unable to produce chemicals that travel throughout the plant to protect against pathogens; most defense is only in localized areas.
A. True
B. False

A

B

49
Q

When scientists breed for genes for resistance to pathogens or herbivores they are usually limited to making mutations for this to happen
A. True
B. False

A

B

50
Q

Cytokinins are transported through the xylem to meristems where they aid in cell elongation.
A. True
B. False

A

B

51
Q

The expression “one bad apple spoils the whole bunch” probably has to do with the action of ethylene on fruit ripening.
A. True
B. False

A

A

Biology of Cells (2 decks)

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