12.2 Reform of the Church Flashcards
Between 1532 and 1540 what was Cromwell and Cranmer assisting Henry with
Withdrawing the English church from Papal jrusidiction
How did Cromwell and Cranmer go about withdrawing the English church from Papal Power
- Established Henry as the supreme head of the church
- Dissolved monasteries
- Began to alter the Church doctrine and practices
What were the three weaknesses of the Church
- Corruption
- Anticlericalism
- Decline of Monasticism
What were the three common cases of clerical corruption
- Simony
- Pluralism
- Non-residence
What is simony
Receiving the profits of more than one Church office
What was pluralism
Holding several church positions
What is non-residence
Receiving the profits of a clerical post without carrying out the duties that come with it
What is anticlericalism
Opposition to the political and social importance of the church
Who objected to canon law
Lawyers
What objections were made towards the Church
Its legal privileges
What was the Richard Hunne case
Richard Hunne was found dead in the Bishop of London’s prison. Was made to look like a suicide but it wasnt - torture gone wrong, dampened church appeal and fed anticlericalism
What have some historians suggested about monasteries
They had become relics of a bygone age
What were the larger monasteries essentially
Substantial businesses with huge resources
What supports the idea of monasterial decline
The ease of which the dissolution of monasteries occurred
What changes were made to the Church
- Henry became supreme head
- Cromwell appointed vicergeant in spirituals
- Six new diosces created
How did Henry become supreme head of the Church
Via the Act of Supremacy 1534
What did the appointment of Cromwell as vicergent in spirituals mean
Cromwell had more power than archbishops
What significance does Vicergent in spirituals haver
Little, because it died with Cromwell.
Describe the timeline of the dissolution of monasteries
1535 - Valor Ecclesiasticus (visitations to monasteries)
1536 - Act to dissolve the smaller monasteries
1539 - Act to dissolve the remaining monasteries
1540 - All monasteries dissolved
What did the Valor Ecclesiasticus give Cromwell
An accurate measurement of Church wealth available to the Crown
How many visitors were sent to the Church in order to find evidence of corruption
4
What amount of evidence was gathered at the start and what did it allow
Enough evidence to allow the dissolution of monasteries worth under £200
What events widened the dissolution of monasteries
- The pilgrimage of grace, and the implication of heads of religious houses in them
What marked the beginning of a sustained attack on traditional religious practices
Royal Injunctions 1536. This was taken further by the second set of injunctions in 1537
What did the 1536 injunctions involve
- A restriction on the number of holy days
- Pilgrimages were discouraged
What did the 1538 injunctions involve
- Pilgrimage and venetration were condemned as ‘works of mens fantasies’
- Forced every parish church to have their own english version of the bible.
What had Henry become fearful of regarding the bible
That anyone could read it and new perceptions could be formed.
What did Henry do following his fear regarding the bible
Passed an act in 1543 which restricted the public reading of the bible to upper class males only
Act = Advancement of True religion
What was Henry’s attitude towards doctrine
Little to no change in doctrine was consistently made. This illustrates that the King was unsure about it
