12.1 HOT AND COLD Flashcards
What is temperature?
How hot or cold
What is the measuring instrument for temperature?
Thermometer
How does liquid thermometer measure temperature?
Using the expansion of the liquid inside the narrow tube in the glass. Mercury substituted with alcohol due to mercury being poisonous
How does digital thermometer measure temperature?
Using sensor (thermocouple or infrared sensor)
What is the unit for temperature?
degrees Celsius (°C)
What is the human’s body temperature?
37°C
What is the temperature of boiling water at sea level?
100°C
What is the freezing temperature of water?
0-4°C
What is the SI unit for temperature?
Kelvin (K)
Why does temperature increase when heated and temperature decrease when cooled?
Transfer of energy occurs. During heating, energy transfers into the substance; during cooling, energy transfers out of the substance.
What can be equal in objects of different mass and/or material, and what is not?
Temperature can be equal while energy is not
What does energy to raise/lower temperature of object depend on?
- Mass (greater mass, more energy)
- Material (larger particles, more energy)
- Temperature rise needed (bigger rise, more energy)
What is heating related to in terms of particles?
The motion of particles
During heating, particles will vibrate (_________) and move faster (____________________)
CHOICES: Solid, liquid, gas
Solid; Liquid and gas
Why does temperature increase?
The average speed of the particles. When a fast moving particle collides with a slower moving particle, it transfers some of its energy to the slower moving particle, increasing the speed of that particle, thus increasing the energy and temperature
What is dissipation?
Energy transfers from hot to cold. Hot objects decrease in temperature while the cold objects increase in temperature
What is thermal equilibrium?
When temperature of the objects become equal
