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Computer Science HL > 1.2.1-3 System Design Basics > Flashcards

1.2.1-3 System Design Basics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the five components of a computer system?

A

Hardware, Software, Human Resources, Peripherals and Network

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2
Q

What is hardware?

A

The physical parts of the computer.

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3
Q

What are internal hardware devices?

A

Components like motherboard or RAM

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4
Q

What are external hardware devices?

A

Peripherals

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5
Q

What are peripherals?

A

I/O (input/output) devices e.g. keyboard

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6
Q

What is software?

A

Computer programs or sets of instructions e.g. applications

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7
Q

What is the main difference between software and hardware?

A

Software is virtual as hardware is physical.

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8
Q

How is software stored?

A

As lines of code in binary. [usually]

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9
Q

What are Human Resources?

A

People who work for the company and the department who manages the resources.

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10
Q

What is another name for Human Resources?

A

End-users

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11
Q

What is a network?

A

Multiple devices that communicate with one another using a transmission medium

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12
Q

Give an example of a transmission medium?

A

Bluetooth, wifi, wires.

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13
Q

What are the four roles of the computer?

A

Client, Server, Router, Firewall, [ Email server, DNS server ]

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14
Q

What is a client?

A

a computer for a server, that can access the database.

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15
Q

What is a server?

A

Computer that provides data to other computers.

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16
Q

What is the difference between software and hardware in a server?

A

Software is purpose specific, hardware isn’t crucial.

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17
Q

What is a router?

A

A hardware device that routes data from LAN to another network connection. [can also be software on a server]

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18
Q

What is a DNS server?

A

Domain Name System Server - stores a table of names with their relevant IP addresses.

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19
Q

What is a Firewall?

A

A filter between trusted system or network and outside connections.

20
Q

What are traffic models?

A

Different ways computers interact.

21
Q

What is a client - server model?

A

A server providing resources and servers to one or more clients.

22
Q

What is peer to peer model?

A

Different clients connected together over the internet.

23
Q

What are the advantages of a client to server model?

A

Cheaper - needs less hardware to set up.
More secure and stable.
Easy to track data and repair.

24
Q

What are the disadvantages of a client to server network?

A

Server breaks, the whole thing comes down.

Is slower because it has limited route options.

25
Q

What are the advantages of a Peer to Peer model?

A

Not reliant on a server.
If something breaks there are still other routes.
Faster since more route options.

26
Q

What is the disadvantages of a peer to peer network?

A

Expensive as needs more hardware.

Less control, harder to track data and harder to fix mistakes.

27
Q

What is the internet?

A

It is a massive network of networks which spans the globe using hardware.

28
Q

What is the WWW?

A

Websites which sit upon the internet

29
Q

What is an IP address?

A

Internal protocol address, a unique number given to a computer every time it joins a network to identify it.

30
Q

What is an ISP?

A

Internet Server Provider, the company who provides you with internet connection.

31
Q

What is an URL?

A

Uniform resource locator, a fancy name for a web address.

32
Q

What is the DNS?

A

Domain Name System, finds the computer which hosts the website you are looking for.

33
Q

What is server hosting?

A

provides remote access to off-premises virtual or physical servers and associated resources

34
Q

Give an example of server hosting.

A

I can access my one drive files from Cornwall using the host in Malvern.

35
Q

What is web hosting?

A

When companies host websites from their location so people anywhere can access them.

36
Q

What is the cloud?

A

A network of servers hosted on the internet which can host and process data.

37
Q

Advantages of cloud storage

A 
Cheaper since it is rented not purchased.
Any connected computer can access it
There is no need to upgrade
Collaboration is easy
Work is backed up
38
Q

Disadvantages of cloud storage.

A

Sensitive data may have to be stored in another country since it doesn’t follow country data laws.
Completely reliant on network/internet.

39
Q

What are social issues?

A

A problem that influences a group of people within a society.

40
Q

What are ethical issues?

A

A problem that requires a choice to be made between right and wrong.

41
Q

What is operational feasibility?

A

Measures how good a proposed system is at solving problems. How it satisfies requirements, and takes advantages of opportunities.

42
Q

What is a merger?

A

A combination of two entities or more, that combine into one. Usually referring to companies or systems.

43
Q

What is software incompatibility?

A

Where software cant work together, on different computers or on the same computer linked by a computer network.

44
Q

5 Advantages of SaaS

A
  • Great for organisation that wants minimum responsibilities
  • cheaper than a lot of other cloud models.
  • it uses a subscription that can be increased or decreasesd rather than hiring a large server.
  • reduction in staff workload because they don’t need to be involved in software and hardware on site.
  • SaaS is easy to run back up, should it go down.
45
Q

5 Disadvantages of SaaS

A
  • Not very reliable when it comes to software integration.
  • SaaS isn’t that secure.
  • Because it is run by a third party, disagreement between party and business.
  • Laws might be different in different countries, as to third party storage.
  • It is dependent for server infrastructure.
  • Lack of control and customisability.

Computer Science HL (25 decks)

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