1.2 Water Cycle

Question 1

how many litres of water does the hydrosphere contain?

Answer 1

1.4 sextillion

Question 2

how much water is freshwater

Answer 2

less than 3%

Question 3

locations of the freshwater on earth

Answer 3

69% is frozen in the cryosphere
30% is groundwater
0.3% liquid freshwater in lakes and rivers
0.04% water vapour in the atmosphere

Question 4

different states of water

Answer 4

solid
liquid
gas

Question 5

solid to liquid

liquid to solid

Answer 5

melting

freezing

Question 6

liquid to gas

gas to liquid

Answer 6

evaporation

condensation

Question 7

gas to solid

solid to gas

Answer 7

deposition

sublimation

Question 8

processes where energy is gained

Answer 8

melting
evaporation
sublimation

Question 9

processes where energy is lost

Answer 9

freezing
condensation
deposition

Question 10

Definition global hydrological cycle

Answer 10

water is continuously cycled between different stores

Question 11

is the global hydrological cycle an open or closed system

Answer 11

closed no inputs or outputs of water

Question 12

the amount of water present in each store varies over a range of scales from …. to ….

Answer 12

local to global

Question 13

the magnitude of each store depends on the …. of water … … them

Answer 13

amount

flowing between

Question 14

different flows occur at a range of … and … scales

Answer 14

spacial

temporal

Question 15

4 ways the magnitude of stores varies over time and in space

Answer 15

evaporation
condensation
cloud formation and precipitation
cryospheric processes

Question 16

magnitude of stores- evapouration

Answer 16

when liquid changes state to a gas, becoming water vapour. it gains energy from solar radiation,
evaporation increases the amount of water stores in the atmosphere.
magnitude of the evaporation flows varies by location and season
high- solar radiation, water, warm dry air
low- no solar radiation, little water, cool air that is already nearly saturated.

Question 17

magnitude of stores - condensation

Answer 17

water vapour changes state to become a liquid, loses energy to the surroundings, water vapour cools to its dew point.
decreases the amount of water stored in the atmosphere, when it condenses it forms dew on surfaces
magnitude of flows depends on the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere and the temperature, lots of water vapour rapid drop in temperature high condensation