1.2 The SCALP Flashcards
Where does the Scalp extend to anteriorly?
The Supra-Orbital Margins
Where does the Scalp extend to postteriorly?
The Superior Nuchal Lines
Where does the Scalp extend to laterally?
The Zygomatic Arches
Which bone are the Superior Nuchal Lines a part of?
The Occipital Bone
What type of joint is present at the Zygomatic Arch?
A Fibrous Suture joint (The Zygomaticotemporal Suture)
What are the 5 layers of the Scalp?
Skin Connective Tissue (Dense) Aponeurosis of the Occipitofrontalis Muscle (Epicranial Aponeurosis Loose Connective Tissue Pericranium
What are the 2 Bellies of the Occipitofrontalis Muscle and what connects them?
Anterior Belly - Frontal Belly
Posterior Belly - Occipital Belly
They are both connected by the Aponeurosis
What action is produced by the contraction of the Anterior Belly of the Ocipitofrontalis Muscle?
Raising of the Eyebrows / Forehead
What is the nerve supply to anterior part of the Scalp? (Anterior to the External Ear)
Branches of the Trigeminal Nerve:
V1 - The Opthalmic Division
V2 - The Maxillary Division
V3 - The Mandibular Division
What is the nerve supply to posterior part of the Scalp? (Posterior to the External Ear)
Cutaneous Brances of of the Cervical Spinal Nerves C2 and C3
Which rami of of the Cervical Spinal Nerves supply the posterior part of the Scalp
Both Anterior and Posterior Rami
What structure forms from the Ventral rami of C5 to T1?
The Brachial Plexus which is the nerve supply to the upper limb
In which layer of the Scalp are blood vessels present?
The Dense Connective Tissue (the 2nd layer)
Where do the Supratrochlear artery, and the Supraorbital, artery branch from?
The Internal Carotid Artery
Where do the Zygomaticotemporal artery, Superficial Temporal artery, Posterior Auricular artery, and the Occipital artery branch from?
The External Carotid Artery
Where can the pulse of the Superficial Temporal Artery be felt?
In front of the Tragus of the Ear
What are the 5 veins which drain the Scalp?
- The Supratrochlear Vein
- The Supraorbital Vein
- The Facial Vein
- The Superficial Temporal Vein
- The Occipital Vein
What are the 2 main veins, which most of the venous drainage of the Face/Scalp, drain into?
- The Internal Jugular Vein (IJV)
2. The External Jugular Vein (EJV)
Other than with other veins on the Scalp, what can veins anastamose with?
Diploic veins in the skull bones (Emissary Veins)
Where do Emissary Veins drain to?
The Venous Sinuses of the Brain
Do Emissary Veins have valves?
No
What complication can arise from Scalp infections?
Due to the presence of Emissary Veins, infection can spread to within the Cranial Cavity
