1.2 Replication Of DNA

Question 1

What is need for replication

Answer 1

Original DNA strands 
Free DNA nucleotides 
Primers 
DNA polymerase 
ligase (lagging strand only)

Question 2

Importance of replication

Answer 2

Cell can make identical copy of its DNA to be passed onto daughter cell

Question 3

Replication step 1

Answer 3

Leading strand forms continuously towards the fork from 3’ to 5’
DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides
Primer is needed to help start

Question 4

Replication step 2

Answer 4

Lagging strand forms in fragments away from the fork
DNA polymerase binds nucleotides
Fragments are bound with ligase

Question 5

Replication step 3

Answer 5

Two new strands twist for form double helix

Each is identical to original strand

Question 6

What does PCR stand for

Answer 6

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 7

What is PCR used for

Answer 7

To replicate DNA in a lab using a cycle of heating and cooling

Question 8

What is needed for PCR

Answer 8

Original DNA strands
Complementary primers
Heat tolerant ligase
Nucleotides

Question 9

Step 1 of PCR

Answer 9

DNA is heated to 95 to separate strands

Question 10

Step 2 of PRC

Answer 10

DNA is cooled to 55 for primers to bind

Question 11

Step 3 of PCR

Answer 11

DNA is heated again to 70 to form stands

Question 12

Primer

Answer 12

Short complementary strand of DNA

Question 13

Replication

Answer 13

Formation of identical copies of DNA molecules

Question 14

Lagging strand

Answer 14

Replicated in fragments

Question 15

Leading strand

Answer 15

Replicated continuously

Question 16

Ligase

Answer 16

Enzyme that joins DNA fragments to the lagging strand

Question 17

DNA polymerase

Answer 17

Enzyme that adds free nucleotides during replication