1.1 Structure Of DNA Flashcards
Histones
Proteins in linear chromosomes
Guanine
Base pair that pairs with cytosine
Hydrogen Bond
Weak link that joins the base pairs
Mitochondria
Cell organelles where aerobic respiration stages occur
Nucleotide
Component of DNA consisting of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and base
Phosphate
Part of a DNA nucleotide that forms part of the sugar-phosphate backbone
Plasmid
Circular loop of genetic material found in prokaryotic organisms and some yeasts
Prokaryotic cell
No nucleus No membrane bound organelles Single cell Circular chromosomes Example: Bactria
Eukaryotic cell
Membrane bound nucleus
Linear chromosomes (tightly coiled)
Single or multicellular
Examples: animal or plant
Genetic info is coded to give the cell ability to?
Synthesise specific proteins that determine cells structure
Adenine
Base pair that pairs with thymine
Cytosine
Base pair that pairs with guanine
Thymine
Base pair that pairs with adenine
Antiparallel
Parallel Stands of DNA, run in opposite directions
Base
The Coding Part of a nucleotide
Chloroplast
Organelle where the chemical reactions of photosynthesis occur
DNA
molecule that holds the genetic code in living organisms
Yeast
Special eukaryote that contains plasmids
Protein
Large molecule made up from a chain of amino acids liked by peptide bonds
3 components that make up a nucleotide
Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, base
Shape of a DNA molecule
Double helix
Animal and plant cells are
Eukaryotic
Bacteria cells are
Prokaryotic
Linear chromosomes are present in the nucleus of
Animal and plant cells
Circular chromosomes are in the mitochondria of
Animal and plant cells
Circular chromosomes are in the cytoplasm of
Bacteria cells
Circular chromosomes are in the chloroplast of
Plant cells
