12 Principles of Animation

Question 1

List the 12 Principles of Animation

Answer 1

1. Squash and Stretch
2. Anticipation
3. Staging
4. Straight Ahead/Pose to Pose
5. Follow Through & Overlapping Action
6. Slow In & Slow Out
7. Arcs
8. Secondary Action
9. Timing
10. Exaggeration
11. Solid Drawing
12. Appeal

Question 2

Explain Squash and Stretch

Answer 2

By using squash and stretch, it emphasis speed momentum, weight and mass

Question 3

Explain Anticipation

Answer 3

When a character prepares for an action to give the audience a clue as to what is happening next and make the action seem more realisitc (Wind up before running)

Question 4

Explain Staging

Answer 4

Making an idea completely obvious and clear, the composer controls what the viewer’s eye focuses on through staging.

Question 5

Explain Pose to Pose

Answer 5

Where you draw the beginning and the end of each main pose and go back later to fill in gaps

-Good to see how the animation will go

Question 6

Explain Straight ahead

Answer 6

When you draw each frame as you go

-Good for unpredictable thing e.g. fire

Question 7

Describe Follow Through

Answer 7

Refers to the way parts of the body continue to move after the body is stopped

Question 8

Describe Overlapping Action

Answer 8

The offset between the timing of the main body an its other parts

Question 9

Describe Drag

Answer 9

Describes the technique of delaying the movement of body parts in relation to the main body

Question 10

Describe Slow in, Slow Out

Answer 10

Refers to how all movement starts slowly and builds speed

Question 11

Explain Arcs

Answer 11

• Arcs make movements feel smoother and less mechanical
• Most objects move in an arc, e.g. tennis ball going over the net
• Applies to body parts

Question 12

Describe Secondary Action

Answer 12

Gestures that support the main action to add more dimension to the character animation E.g. a tear is added to emphasis the effect of being sad

Question 13

Explain Timing

Answer 13

The more frames = slow, the less frames = faster

The amount of frames inbetween a drawing can determine the meaning of a drawing

Question 14

What is Exaggeration used for?

Answer 14

Exaggeration is used to increase the amount of impact an expression or action has on the viewer

Question 15

What is solid drawing?

Answer 15

Refers to making sure that drawings feel like they are in 3 dimensional space with volume, weight and balance.

Question 16

What is Appeal?

Answer 16

Characters of drawings should always be appealing to look at. This doesn’t mean good looking, it can also mean intresting