12 - Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the purpose of having a periodic table?
It is a way of classifying elements according to their valence shell and number of electron shells.
How is the periodic table arranged?
The periodic table is arranged by their increasing atomic number
What are rows named in the periodic table?
Period
What are columns in the periodic table called?
Group
Where are metals and nonmetals placed?
Metals are in the left and non metals are in the right
Why are elements classified based on their group?
Elements with the same group have the same properties
What does the group tell you?
The valence electrons of the atom
What does the period tell you?
Number of shells the atom has
Describe the trends of alkali metals in the periodic table
- Density Increases
- Melting point decreases
- Reactivity increases
- Softness Increases
Describe the trends on halogens in the periodic table
- Density increases
- Boiling point increases
- Reactivity Decreases
- Color gets deeper
Describe the trends in noble gases in the periodic table
- Density increases
- Boiling point increases
State the properties of alkali metals
- Low density -> Float in water
- Soft
- Good conductors of heat and electricity
- React violently with water
- Most reactive metals
What is the color of fluorine?
Yellow gas
What is the color of chlorine
green gas
What is the color of bromine
Red liquid
What is the color of iodine
Black/Purple Solid
Describe the displacement of halogens
The more reactive halogen will displace the less reactive halogen
What is the use of helium?
Used to fill balloons and airships because it is lighter than air
What is argon used for?
A filler in tungsten for lightbulbs so that the filament will not burn
What is neon used for?
Used in advertising signs because it glows
What is krypton used for?
Used for lasers
What is xenon used for?
Used for bright light
Describe the physical properties of transition metals
Hard, tough, strong
High melting points
Malleable
Good conductors of heat and electricity
High density
No clear trend in reactivity
Form colored compounds
Form ions with different charges
Much less reactive than group 1 elements
What are transition metals used for?
They are mostly used for making alloys and steels for construction
