1.2 Metals

Question 1

Mild steel make up

Answer 1

alloy of iron+carbon
0.15-0.30% carbon

Question 2

properties of mild steel

Answer 2

easily cut and machined
malleable
ductile
tough
high tensile strength
joined by welding

Question 3

uses of mild steel

Answer 3

general engineering products
nuts/bolts

Question 4

disadvantages of mild steel

Answer 4

will rust when exposed to water
Needs to have a finish such as a paint or coat or be galvanised

Question 5

make up of medium carbon steel

Answer 5

0.3-0.7% carbon and iron

Question 6

properties of medium carbon steel

Answer 6

can be cut, shaped and machined well

Question 7

uses of medium carbon steel

Answer 7

garden tools and springs

Question 8

disadvantages of medium carbon steel

Answer 8

prone to rusting
less ductile and less malleable than mild steel

Question 9

high carbon steel make up

Answer 9

0.7-1.4% carbon and iron

Question 10

high carbon steel properties

Answer 10

very hard
can be cut, shaped and machined well
high compressive strength
can be tough when heat treated

Question 11

high carbon steel uses

Answer 11

Hammers, drill bits, cutting tools and files

Question 12

High carbon steel disadvantages

Answer 12

prone to rusting

Question 13

cast iron make up

Answer 13

2.5-4% carbon and iron

Question 14

cast iron properties

Answer 14

casts into intricate shapes easily
easily machined
corrosion resistant
hard outer layer
soft inner layer
high thermal conductivity

Question 15

Cast iron uses

Answer 15

cookware
car brakes
components for machinery like the tail and head stock on a lathe

Question 16

cast iron disadvantages

Answer 16

Quite brittle despite hard outer layer.
Very tricky to weld

Question 17

aluminium properties

Answer 17

melting point of 650c, lower than other metals
Very malleable
Ductile
Lightweight
Corrosion resistant
conductive

Question 18

aluminium uses

Answer 18

drinks and aerosol cans
foil
castings
aircraft
engines

Question 19

what’s aluminium mined from?

Answer 19

bauxite, its the most plentiful material in the earths crust

Question 19

properties of tin

Answer 19

melting point of 232c (very low)
non toxic
corrosion resistant
easily alloys

Question 20

tin uses

Answer 20

used for plating other metals, soldering, cans

Question 21

copper properties

Answer 21

Melting point of 1100c.
Malleable
Ductile
Corrosion Resistant
Easily cut and machined
Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity

Question 22

Copper uses

Answer 22

Electrical wiring
central heating + plumbing

Question 23

copper disadvantages

Answer 23

While it can be worked cold, it hardens very quickly so it needs heat treatment for further work

Question 24

Zinc properties

Answer 24

Melting point of 420c
Excellent corrosion resistance
low melting point
easy to work with
naturally forms an oxide layer to prevent rusting

Question 25

Zinc uses

Answer 25

Casting
Car batteries
Galvanising things
Water tanks
Buckets

Question 26

Stainless steel make-up

Answer 26

Iron + carbon
chromium + nickel

The chromium and nickel give it corrosion resistance

Question 27

Stainless steel properties

Answer 27

Hard
Corrosion resistant
Low maintenance
Very durable

Question 28

Stainless steel uses

Answer 28

Cutlery
sinks
medical tools
chemical and nuclear industries

Question 29

stainless steel disadvantages

Answer 29

difficult to work with as it is so hard, specialist equipment needed

Question 30

brass make up

Answer 30

copper + zinc

Question 31

brass properties

Answer 31

Casts well
easily machined
good electrical and thermal conductor
corrosion resistant

Question 32

brass uses

Answer 32

Plumbing fittings
central heating
garden taps
ship propellers
musical instruments

Question 33

brass disadvantages

Answer 33

cracks when cold worked, needs “annealing” (heating up) constantly to work

Question 34

Duralumin make up

Answer 34

Aluminium
Copper
Manganese

Question 35

Duralumin properties

Answer 35

Malleable
Ductile
Excellent machining
Lightweight
Good strength to weight ratio

Question 36

Duralumin uses

Answer 36

Aviation
Automotive industry

Question 37

Duralumin disadvantages

Answer 37

Hardens over time, has a time limit