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GCSE Computer Science > 1.2 Memory and Storage > Flashcards

1.2 Memory and Storage Flashcards

1
Q

What is primary memory?

A

Primary memory is a type of memory that is accessed directly by CPU.

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2
Q

List the types of primary memory

A

Registers
Cache
RAM
Virtual Memory

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3
Q

What is latency?

A

Latency is the time taken by components to respond to a request.

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4
Q

How is the access time reduced?

A

By copying frequently used data and instructions to the cache.

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5
Q

What is RAM?

A

A temporary memory which stores data, files and parts of the operating system that are currently in use.

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6
Q

What are the types of RAM?

A

Static RAM and Dynamic RAM

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7
Q

What is the difference between SRAM and DRAM?

A

SRAM is made of ‘flip-flops’ and need not be constantly refreshed.
DRAM is made of transistors and capacitors, and has to be constantly refreshed.

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8
Q

Which type of RAM is used for cache memory?

A

SRAM

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9
Q

Which of the types of RAM offers higher capacity?

A

DRAM

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10
Q

What is ROM?

A

A permanent memory that is used to store the instructions that are executed once the computer is switched ON.

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11
Q

How is ROM made?

A

ROM is made by interconnecting several transistors.

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12
Q

What are the types of ROM?

A

PROM, EPROM, EEPROM and Flash ROM.

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13
Q

What is Flash ROM?

A

A type of ROM that is programmed by applying slightly large electric current that forces an electron through a barrier.

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14
Q

True or False. Flash memory is non-rewritable.

A

False: Flash memory is rewritable.

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15
Q

When is virtual memory required?

A

When a computer has too many processes running at the same time and the capacity of RAM is not enough.

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16
Q

What is virtual memory?

A

A section of hard drive is allocated for storing temporary data when the capacity of RAM is not enough.

17
Q

What is swapping

A

Swapping (or paging) is the process by which the OS transfers data between RAM and virtual memory.

18
Q

What type of data is copied to virtual memory?

A

Data that is not immediately required by a CPU is removed from RAM and is copied to the virtual memory .

19
Q

Based on what principle does a hard disk drive operates?

A

Magnetism

20
Q

What are the advantages of using hard disk drives?

A

Provides high storage capacity and is cost-effective.

21
Q

List some applications of hard disk drives.

A

Large storage facilities, computers and laptops.

22
Q

Why is the access time of a hard disk drive higher compared to RAM?

A

Due to a large number of head movements

23
Q

True or False: Latency is lower in an SSD compared to a HDD.

A

True

24
Q

Based on what principle does a solid state drive operate?

A

Electronic properties

25
Q

List some applications of solid state drives.

A

Used in portable devices such as tablets and mobile phones.

26
Q

Compare the reliability of an SSD and a HDD.

A

HDDs are less reliable as the moving parts could break. SDDs are highly reliable as no moving parts.

27
Q

Based on what principle does an optical storage system operate?

A

Optics and light-sensitive materials

28
Q

List some optical storage devices.

A

DVD, CD and Blu-ray discs

29
Q

What are the different types of optical storage devices?

A

Read only and Read/write

30
Q

True or False: The time taken to transfer data to CDs is comparatively higher than that of flash memory

A

True

31
Q

What are read-only devices used for?

A

For storing programs, movies and songs distributed by its producers.

32
Q

What are optical devices used for?

A

Storing back ups, programs and transferring large files.

33
Q

What parameters are considered for choosing a storage device?

A

Capacity, speed, portability, durability and reliability.

34
Q

What are the different types of memory access?

A

Direct memory access and sequential memory access.

GCSE Computer Science (10 decks)

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