1.2 Measurements Of Matter

Question 1

What is the U.S. customary system of measurement?

Answer 1

DISTANCE = Inch (in), foot (ft), yard (yd), and mile (mi) 
1 foot = 12 inches
1 yard = 3 feet
1 mile = 5,280 feet
1 mile = 1,760 yards 

WEIGHT = Ounce (oz), pound (lb), and ton (T) measure weight
1 pound = 16 ounces
1 ton = 2,000 pounds

VOLUME = Fluid ounce (fl oz), cup (c), pint (pt), quart (qt), and gallon (gal) 
1 cup = 8 fluid ounces
1 pint = 2 cups
1 quart = 2 pints
1 gallon = 4 quarts

Question 2

What is the U.S. customary system of measurement?

Answer 2

Distance
Inch (in), foot (ft), yard (yd), and mile (mi) measure the length of an object or the distance between two things.

1 foot = 12 inches
1 yard = 3 feet
1 mile = 5,280 feet
1 mile = 1,760 yards
Weight
Ounce (oz), pound (lb), and ton (T) measure weight.

1 pound = 16 ounces
1 ton = 2,000 pounds
Volume
Fluid ounce (fl oz), cup (c), pint (pt), quart (qt), and gallon (gal) measure liquid volume, which is the amount of space an object occupies.

1 cup = 8 fluid ounces
1 pint = 2 cups
1 quart = 2 pints
1 gallon = 4 quarts

Question 3

What is distance?

Answer 3

The measure the length of an object or the distance between two things.

Question 4

What is volume?

Answer 4

The amount of space an object occupies.

Question 5

What is a meter?

Answer 5

The international standard unit of length and the fundamental unit of length in the metric system.

A meter is equal to 100 centimeters or approximately 39.37 inches.

Question 6

What are the differences between the metric and English systems of measurement?

Answer 6

One reason for the wide-spread use of the metric system is that it seems easier to learn and remember. Instead of multiple words for units of measurement, such as inches, yards, and miles for length, the metric system uses only one word for length, the meter.

Question 7

Give two examples of objects that are a meter in length.

Answer 7

A small area rug, A large picture frame

Question 8

What are some different ways large or small distances can be measured?

Answer 8

Meters-

If a person needs a larger or smaller unit size to work with, he or she can simply add a prefix to the unit name to increase or decrease the size of the unit. So rather than changing the unit of measure, people can just change the prefix. This works with any unit of measure in the metric system: meter, gram, or liter.

Question 9

What are the three temperature scales?

Answer 9

1. Fahrenheit is the temperature scale that is common to the people in the United States. It sets the freezing point of water at 32 °F and the boiling point at 212 °F.
2. The Celsius scale is used most often in other parts of the world. It sets the freezing point of water to 0 °C and the boiling point to 100 °C.
3. For scientific measurements, there’s the Kelvin temperature scale. It sets 0 K as the coldest possible temperature. Water freezes at 273 K.

Question 10

What is temperature?

Answer 10

the degree of heat present in a substance or object

Question 11

What is mass?

Answer 11

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. Mass is usually measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg). Mass measures the quantity of matter regardless of both its location in the universe and the gravitational force applied to it. … One of the fundamental laws of chemistry is that of mass conservation.

Mass is not affected by gravity; weight is. Calculate weight by multiplying the object’s mass by gravity:
Weight= Mass x Gravity

Question 12

What are derived units?

Answer 12

the measurement calculated from the measurement of other units

Question 13

What is distance?

Answer 13

the length between objects

Question 14

What is force?

Answer 14

a push or pull

Question 15

What is time?

Answer 15

a measurement of how long it takes for an event to occur

Question 16

What is weight?

Answer 16

the force of gravity on an object

Question 17

What is temperature?

Answer 17

the degree of heat present in a substance or object

Question 18

How is matter measured?

Answer 18

We can measure matter by its volume or its mass. We can also measure it by its temperature or its density. Volume measures how much space something takes up.

Question 19

What does proportional mean?

Answer 19

Proportional: when two quantities always have the same size in relation to each other.

Question 20

What is gravity?

Answer 20

Gravity: a force of attraction between two objects with mass

Question 21

What is matter?

Answer 21

Matter: physical substance that occupies space

Question 22

How is mass affected by the location of an object in space?

Answer 22

the strength of gravity on the body depends on the mass of the planet or moon. So, as the planets’ gravitational strength increases or decreases, the astronaut’s weight changes.

Question 23

How does gravity affect weight?

Answer 23

More mass equals more weight. Here is an example. A truck with a mass of 3,500 kg will have more weight than a car with the mass of 1,500 kg on the same planet. If gravity changes, so does the weight. A smaller force of gravity will result in less weight. Here is an example. The gravity of the moon is about one-sixth the gravity of Earth. So your weight on the moon will be about one-sixth your weight on the Earth.

Question 24

How is weight affected by the location?

Answer 24

While mass is a measurement of how much matter makes up an object, weight measures how much the force of gravity is acting on an object. When the astronaut moves from one object to the next, the amount of matter that makes up her body does not change, therefore her mass does not change. However, the strength of gravity on the body depends on the mass of the planet or moon. So, as the planets’ gravitational strength increases or decreases, the astronaut’s weight changes.

Question 25

What is the important thing to remember about the relationship between mass and weight?

Answer 25

Mass is not affected by gravity; weight is. Calculate weight by multiplying the object’s mass by gravity: weight = mass x gravity