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Networks > 1.2 Hardware > Flashcards

1.2 Hardware Flashcards

1
Q

Router

A

Connects different networks
Works at network layer
Stores net layout in a routing table

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2
Q

Switches

A

Similar to Router but send between individual devices on their LAN using MAC address.

Work at Data Link Layer

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3
Q

MAC Address

A

Media Access Control.

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4
Q

What switch is used onboard?

A

NavIS

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5
Q

Hubs

A

Read incoming packets and transmit outbound.

Works at Physical Layer.

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6
Q

Repeater

A

Similar to HUB but used to extend distance.

Works at Physical Layer.

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7
Q

Array

A

A storage system which contains multiple storage drives.

Features cache memory, RAID, encryption.

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8
Q

RAID

A

Redundant Array of Independant Disks

Provide protection and recovery from hardware defects and read errors.

We use RAID 5 (Distributed Parity), which requires at least 3 drives.

Works by striping the data and calculating a parity using XOR. If one drive fails, the parity can be used to calculate the missing bit and write it on a new drive to recover the data.

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9
Q

SAS

A

Serial Attached SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)

Connects storage arrays in CMS to computer systems IOT transfer data using serial signalling.

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10
Q

SATA II

A

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment

Connects storage arrays in CMS to computer systems IOT transfer data using serial signalling.

Cross compatible with SAS.

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11
Q

Shared SAS

A

Attaching a storage array to multiple servers.

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12
Q

Transmission mediums

A

Medium which propogates energy waves (EM, Sound)

Copper
Fibre
RF
Waveguides
Water

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13
Q

Twisted Pair Cabling

A

Two conductors are twisted together.

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14
Q

Unshielded Twisted Pair

A

Outer jacket
Ripcord
Twisted wires

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15
Q

Shielded Twisted Pair

A

3 types:
Foil on outer shell
Foil on each pair
Foil on both

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16
Q

Shielded Twisted Pair

A

3 types:
Foil on outer shell
Foil on each pair
Foil on both

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17
Q

CAT Cable

A

9 different types of Cat Cable.

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18
Q

Ethernet Naming: Physical mediums

A

T: Twisted Pair
F: Fibre Optic
S: Short Range Fibre
L: Long Range Fibre
K: Copper backplane
C: Balanced copper cable
B: Two wavelengths over single optical cable
S: Short range multi-mode optical cable
L: Long range optical cable
E: Extended range optical cable
Z: Long range single mode cable

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19
Q

Ethernet naming: Speeds

A

10 = 10 megabits
10G = 10 gigabits

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20
Q

Ethernet naming: Frequencies

A

BASE: Baseband - narrow freq range (single signal)
BROAD: Broadband - wide freq range (muliple signals)
PASS: Passband - regulated freq range (for multiplexing)

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21
Q

Encoding

A

X: 4B/5B block coding
R: 64B/66B block coding

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22
Q

Block Coding

A

4B/5B maps 4 bits of data onto groups of 5 bits for transmission. So it sends 5 bits in a 4 bit string because it has a table to convert.

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23
Q

Ethernet naming: 100 Base 1

A

Serial

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24
Q

Construction of COAX

A

Jacket
Shield
Insulator
Core

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25
Q

Ethernet Naming: T

A

Twisted Pair

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26
Q

Ethernet naming: F

A

Fibre Optic

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27
Q

Ethernet naming: S

A

Short Range Fibre

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28
Q

Ethernet Naming: L

A

Long Range Fibre (100m - 10km)

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29
Q

Ethernet naming: K

A

Copper backplane

30
Q

Ethernet naming: C

A

Balanced Copper cable

31
Q

Ethernet naming: B

A

Optical cable, two wavelengths

32
Q

Ethernet naming: Z

A

Short range multimodal optical cable

33
Q

Ethernet naming: E

A

Extended range optical cable (10km to 40km)

34
Q

Ethernet naming: X

A

4B/5B block encoding

35
Q

Ethernet naming: R

A

64B/66B block encoding

36
Q

Ethernet naming: 1

A

Serial (but implied, not written)

37
Q

Ethernet naming: 4 or 10

A

Number of parallel lanes, available for copper wire

38
Q

Ethernet naming: BASE

A

Baseband

Narrow freq range

One signal on cable

39
Q

Ethernet naming: BROAD

A

Broadband

Wide frequency range

Multiple signals on same channel

40
Q

PASS

A

Passband

Regulated frequency range

Allows multiplexing

41
Q

What is 10 BASE T

A

Ordinary telephone twisted pair, used for Ethernet LANs

42
Q

What is Thinnet?

43
Q

What is the military version of Thinnet?

44
Q

What is thicknet?

A

10 Base 5

Center conductor
Dielectric
Foil
Braid
Foil
Braid
Outer jacket

45
Q

Advantages of Optical Fibre

A

Low attenuation

Immune to noise

High bandwidth

Secure (difficult to tap)

46
Q

What is single mode fibre optic cable?

A

Small diamettral core that allows a single mode of light to propagate. 9 microns.

Low attenuation.

Lower bandwidth.

47
Q

What is multimode optic fibre?

A

Large diametral core that allows multiple modes of light ot propagate. 62.5 or 50 microns.

More data can pass through.

Because of the spread of arrival time at the recieving point, there is a need to leave space between pulses which limits the amount of data which can be sent, especially over large distance where this effect is amplified.

48
Q

What are the components of a fibre optic cable?

A

Core

Cladding

Tube

Outer Sheath.

49
Q

What is Gigabit Ethernet?

A

Server to swtich connectivity.

1Gbps minimum.

50
Q

What is OFDM

A

Orthnoganal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Uses overlapping signals to carry data on several parallel channels.

51
Q

What is the current WiFi standard

A

IEEE 802.11n

52
Q

What is SISO? SIMO? MISO? MIMO?

A

Single Input Single Output

Single Input Multiple Output

Multiple Input Single Output

Multiple Input Multiple Output

MIMO uses multiple antennas to transmit mutliple signals and combine them at the reciever to reduce interference and error.

Transmits into medium, not into a device.

53
Q

What is bluetooth?

A

Transmits data in packets on 79 channels and uses frequency hopping.

54
Q

ISDN

A

Integrated Services Digital Network

Communication standards for digital transmission over Public Switched Telephone Network

BRI and PRI

55
Q

What is BRI

A

Basic Rate Interface

2x 64 kbps “B” channels
1x 16 kbps “D” channels

56
Q

What is PRI?

A

Primary Rate Interface

23x 64 kbps “B” channels
1x 16 kbps “D” channel

57
Q

100 Base 4 or 100 Base 10

A

Parallel, copper

58
Q

100 Base 5

A

Fibre.

Any number except 1, 4, or 10 is fibre.

59
Q

What is a Firewall?

A

Restricts internet traffic into, out of, and within a private network.

Works at the Network and Transport layers.

60
Q

Draw and label the Thicknet cable.

61
Q

Draw and label the Thinnet cable.

62
Q

What is a NIC?

A

Network Interface Card.

Works at the Data Link. It implements the phyiscal layer circuitry to communicate with a data link layer standard such as ethernet or wifi.

It controls data flow in and out of devices.

63
Q

What is a network Bridge?

A

Used to connect two networks. Typically used to connect a legacy network which can no longer be expanded.

64
Q

What layer is a network Switch?

A

Layer 2.

A switch will manage connections on the network.

65
Q

What layer is a Hub?

A

Layer 1.

Basically creates a bus, making it essentially just a physical component. No thinking.

66
Q

What layer is a Router?

A

Layer 2.

It uses IP addressing IOT to do higher level switching.

67
Q

What are the 3 techniques used in RAID?

A

Parity, Mirroring, Striping

68
Q

Label the FIbre cable

69
Q

Label the Fiber cable

Networks (7 decks)

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