1.1 Network Topology Flashcards
Define LAN
Close geographical area network
Define WAN
Connects multiple LANs, often over large distances.
Define MAN
Special type of WAN for a metropolitan area such as a city.
Define Enterprise Network.
Business based network.
Define World Wide Web.
Information space for resources, uses URLs (Uniform Resource Locators)
Define Network Backbone
Part of computer network which carries majority of network traffic.
Define DWAN
Unclassed network.
Store Protected A or encrypted Pro B
Process Protected B
Define CSNI
Consolidated Secret Network Infrastructure
Canadian Secret (Level II) network
CAN-US Network.
Define NSWAN
NATO Secret Wide Area Network
NATO Secret (Level II) network.
Define CMFP
Combined Maritime Forces - Pacific
American Secret (Level II), 15 eyes
Define CMFC
Combined Maritime Forces - Central
American Secret (Level II) network. 20 eyes.
Define MLEC
Multi-Lateral Enduring Contigency
US Coast Guard Command and Control Network.
Define CDSE
Cryptographic Direct Support Element
Top Secret (Level III)
What is a network phyisical topology?
Geographical location of components and physical connection.
What is a network logical topology?
Based on flow of data.
What are 4 basic types of network topologies?
P2P
Ring
Star
Bus
What is P2P topology? Advantages and Disadvantages?
Dedicated link between two machines.
Pro: Fast and simple
Con: Doesnt scale up well.
What is a ring topology? Advantages and disadvantages?
Pros: Low risk of collision using token-based protocol. Cheap, easy.
Cons. Bandwidth is shared by every node is in the network. Loss of one node will collapse the network. IOT make changes, you need to shut down the entire network.
What is Contention?
Multiple nodes putting data on the line at the same time, resulting in collision.
What methods are used to avoid Contention?
CSMA
CSMA/CD
CSMA/CA
What is CSMA?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access
Listens to the line to verify the absence of other traffic before transmitting.
What is CSMA/CD?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect
Same as CSMA but terminates the transmission when a collision is detected, thereby shortening the time until another retry can be attempted.
What is CSMA/CA?
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
If a transmission is detected on the line, the node waits a random amount of time before sending its data, reducing the statistical likelihood of collision.
What is starvation?
When a node cannot get a chance to send data because the line is constantly busy.
What is star topology? Advantages and disadvantages?
Every network node is connected to one central node (hub or switch)
Advantages: If anything except the central nodes goes down, network remains up.
New nodes can be added without taking the system offline.
Fewer cabling.
Easy to manage from the central hub
Disadvantages:
If central node fails, the entire network fails.
What is the bus topology? Advantage and disadvantages?
Each node connected to a common bus (backbone).
Advantages:
Cheap, easy, graceful degradation, broadcasting is easy.
Disadvantages:
If the line fails, the network fails.
Bandwidth shared between all nodes.
More collisions.
What is Ethernet?
A familty of networking standards that covers the Physical and Data Link Layer.
It describes how detwork devices format and transmit data packets to other devices on the network.
Physical topology is Star
Logical toplogy is Bus
Uses CSMA/CD
Supports up to 100 Gbps
Define Peer to Peer connections
Devices share resources with eachother.
Cheap, simple, decentralized, less secure.
Define Client-Server model.
Resources are stored on servers and requested by clients.
Very scalable and accessible.
Expensive, requires maintenance, server is SPoF.
