12. Environmental illness

Question 1

Heat exhaustion vs. stroke

Answer 1

Exhaustion
- not as bad
- sweaty
- nausea
- fainting
- headache
- normal breathing

Stroke
- body shutting down
- no more sweat
- seizures
- coma
- severe headache
- altered behaviour
- rapid/shallow breathing

Question 2

Heat treatment

Answer 2

• cool water
• fan
• cool drink
• water esp. torso and forearms

Question 3

Frostbite symptoms

Answer 3

Superficial
- hard, pale skin
- tingly and numb

Deep
- hard skin
- black, blue, white, mottled skin
- no feeling

Question 4

Frostbite care

Answer 4

• remove clothes that restrict blood flow
• thaw ONLY if you know it won’t freeze again
• raised thawed above heart level
• rehydrate
• gauze btwn fingers and toes

Question 5

Hypothermia wheel (differences)

Answer 5

Cold stress
- still shivering and responsive

Mild hypothermia
- impaired movement

Moderate hypothermia
- start to stop shivering and becoming less alert

Severe hypothermia
- cold and unresponsive

Question 6

Hypothermia wheel (treatments)

Answer 6

Cold stress
- reduce heat loss
- food
- exercise

Mild hypo
- “
- keep horizontal
- no standing / walking
- insulate
- add heat

Moderate hypo
- “
- no food

Severe hypo
- treat as moderate hypo
- 60 sec breathing check
- CPR
- call 911