1.2 ABO Blood Group Flashcards
A subgroups are first described by
von Dungern
A subgroups are first described by
von Dungern
A subgroups were first described by von Dungern in ____
1911
In 1911, von Dungern described two different A antigens based on reactions between ______ and _____ and ______
group A RBCs and Anti-A and anti-A1
Group A RBCs that react with both anti-A and anti-A1 are classified as ___
A1
Group A RBCs that react with anti-A and
not anti-A1 are classified as
A2
T or F
The A subgroups are more common than B subgroups
True
The weaker serologic reactivity of ABO subgroups is attributed to the ______
Decreased A & B antigen sites on RBCs
The weaker serologic reactivity of ABO subgroups is attributed to the ______
Decreased A & B antigen sites on RBCs
A1 = ___%
A2 = ___%
A1 = 80%
A2 = 20%
What are the quantitative differences between subgroups of A1 & A2
- decreased # of antigen sites
- decreased amnt of **transferase enzyme*^
- decreased amnt of branching
What are the qualitative differences between subgroups of A1 & A2
- differences in precursor oligosaccharide chains
- Subtle differences in transferase enzymes
- formation of Anti-A1 (some)
Inheritance of an A1 gene elicits production of high concentrations of the enzyme _____________, which converts most H precursor structure to A1 antigens
α-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
The very potent gene _____ creates between 810,000 and 1,170,000 antigen sites on the RBC, while inheriting an _____ gene = production of only 240,000 to 290,000 antigen sites
A1
A2
The A2 allele is characterized by a single base substitution at nucleotide _____ and a single base deletion at nucleotide in exon ___
Substitution - nucleotide 467
Deletion - nucleotide 1060
Exon 7
The A2 allele is characterized by a single base substitution at nucleotide _____ and a single base deletion at nucleotide in exon ___
Substitution - nucleotide 467
Deletion - nucleotide 1060
Exon 7
The immunodominant sugar on both A1 and A2 RBCs is ________
N-acetyl-D-galactosamine
