12/19

Question 1

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 1

Sex characteristics apparent at birth

Question 2

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 2

Sex characteristics that emerge later (puberty)

Question 3

Aggression

Answer 3

any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.

♂ ↑ physical aggression: 9 ♂ to 1 ♀ murder ratio
♀ slightly ↑ relational aggression:
malicious gossip (tied to gender inequality)

Question 4

social power

Answer 4

leaders and leadership styles
♂ ↑ socially dominant: leadership roles in group more likely go to men – expected and accepted
♂ ↑ directive/autocratic, ♀ ↑ democratic

Question 5

Social Connectedness

Answer 5

Carol Gilligan - Ethic of Care
♂ struggle to create an independent identity, ♀ are interdependent
Children, ♀↑ independent (smaller group play) than ♂
♀ ↑ tend and befriend: ↑ intimate and nurturing
♀ ↑ communication: talking face-to-face, phone, texts

Question 6

gender role

Answer 6

a set of socially expected behaviors for males or for females
- Gender roles can smooth social relationships; deviating from assumptions can cause anxiety.

Question 7

role

Answer 7

a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave.

Question 8

gender identity

Answer 8

our sense of being male or female

Question 9

social learning theory

Answer 9

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished.

Question 10

gender typing

Answer 10

the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role

Question 11

gender schema

Answer 11

the organization of boy-girl characteristics

Question 12

androgyny

Answer 12

gender expression/identity of a person who possesses both feminine and masculine qualities