1.2 Flashcards
Who creates laws in the criminal justice system?
Parliament or the Judiciary
Laws are created through acts passed by Parliament or through statutory interpretation and precedents by Judges.
What role does the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) play in the criminal justice system?
Decides if there is a case to bring to court and advises the Police on charging and evidence requirements
The CPS assesses evidence from the Police and decides on charges against suspects.
What happens after a case is brought before the Magistrates’ Court?
The accused is released on bail or remanded in custody
The accused may plead guilty or not guilty, affecting the subsequent trial process.
In which court may a trial be heard if the accused pleads not guilty?
Magistrates’ Court or Crown Court
The court depends on the severity of the crime charged.
Who provides guidance for sentencing in the criminal justice system?
Sentencing Council
This council provides standards for sentencing decisions made by Magistrates or Judges.
What is the role of HM Prison Service?
Oversees the prison and welfare of prisoners
Ensures that prisoners are treated fairly and their welfare is monitored.
What does HM Inspectorate of Prisons do?
Ensures conditions and treatment of prisoners meet standards
This authority is separate from HM Prison Service and focuses on compliance with standards.
What is the function of the probation service after an individual leaves prison?
Monitors individuals released from prison
This includes those on community service or released early on license.
Fill in the blank: The police enforce the law by _______.
[investigating crimes, collecting evidence, arresting suspects]
Police activities include issuing fixed penalty notices and sending evidence to the CPS.
True or False: The CPS works independently from the police.
False
The CPS relies on evidence provided by the police and advises them on charges.
What percentage of crimes are brought to the Magistrates’ Court for pre-trial hearings?
95%
This is where suspects enter pleas and legal matters are addressed.
What does the National Probation Service supervise?
Offenders serving their sentence in the community
This includes those released on license after serving time in prison.
What is the role of the courts in the criminal justice system?
Put sentences into practice and supervise defendants
They also oversee meetings with lawyers and prepare pre-sentencing reports.
How do the police interact with the probation service?
Liaise regarding prisoners on probation and facilitate interviews
They ensure safe return to prison if a probationer is called back.
What actions do police take regarding offenders who breach their license?
Arrest offenders
Police cooperate to manage sex offender lists and enforce license conditions.
Fill in the blank: The CPS must apply for the _______ before charging a suspect.
[full code test]
This test assesses whether there is sufficient evidence to proceed with a charge.
