1.2 Flashcards
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Valence Electrons
Graph What’s Happening? 📈
H-50
Li-155
Na-158
K-259
Rb-254
- The spikes on the graph indicate a new row, meaning - a new energy level added to the element
- A point means a new row
Why is the atomic radius of a neutral atom smaller than anion ? ➖
The added electron is pushing the other electrons further away from each other
What factors affect the radius of an atom
The amount of electrons and protons with their force/energy
How does the radius of an atom affect the ability of the protons in the nucleus to hold on to and attract electrons? 〰️
Electrons protons between their changes
What factors affect the radius of an atom ❇️🌟➖
Amount of electron and Protons between energy levels
How does the radius of an atom affect the ability of the protons in the nucleus to hold on to and attract electrons ⚫️ •
The bigger the radius the harder it is to hold on
the smaller the easier
Why does atomic radius tend to increase as you move down a group but decreases as you move across the rows of the periodic table
Increasing amount of protons
The distance from the nucleus to the outermost valence shell
Atomic Radius
The energy needed to remove an electron from an atom or ion in its gaseous state
Ionization energy
The change in energy that occurs when an electron is added to a nuestros atom in the gaseous state
Electron affinity
The ability of an atom to attract electrons from outside ➖😡
Electronegativity
The amount of energy released when a nuestras atom or molecule gains an electron from outside
Electron affinity
To make a full valence shell
8 v.e
Less that 4 valence electrons
Likely to lose
More than 4 valence electrons
Likely to gain
Which transition would be associated with the greatest energy of emitted light? 🖇️🧷
N=5
N=1
The atomic emission spectra of a helium atom on Earth and of a helium atom in the sun would be?
The same
Emission of light from an atom occurs when an electron?⬆️⬇️
Drops from a higher to a lower energy level
The light given off by a hydrogen lamp is? ♾️
An atomic emission spectrum
How are the energy and wavelength of light related? ⬆️🌟⬇️〰️
Higher energy means lower wavelength
Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength?
Red
When an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level, the electron? 🌟
Absorbs a specific amount of energy
How does the energy of an electron change when the electron moves closer to the nucleus?
Decreases
In the Bohr model of the atom, an electron in an orbit has a fixed
Energy
In the Bohr model of the atom where are the electrons located?
The electrons move in levels around the nucleus
A continuous spectrum is…〰️☢️
All wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
An emission spectrum is… 📈🌞
Diagram that shows the specific emission of light by an atom
Ground state is the…
Lowest energy state of an atom
Excited state is?
A higher energy than it had in its ground state
Each line in the hydrogen emission spectrum represents the 〰️🌞
Wavelength energy and the frequency of light emitted
To explain the lines of an emission spectrum, scientists suggested that
➖H🌟
The electron of the hydrogen atom exists in energy levels
When electricity flows through the hydrogen tube, the electron 🌟⬆️
Absorbs energy and jumps to a higher energy level
The lines in the emission spectra are created when ⬇️🏥
Electrons fall to lower energy levels and emit EMR
The electron emits a
Photon of specific wavelength energy and frequency
Electron of the hydrogen atom emits only specific frequencies of light
Because the electron exists in very specific energy states
The energy of the photon being emitted and the energy of the energy levels is 🌟🟰🌟
Equal to the difference in energy between the two levels
What is the difference between an atom’s ground state and an excited state?
Ground-lowest energy level; excited-higher energy level
What is the relationship between the energy of an electron and the distance from the nucleus?
Closer to the nucleus lower the energy
What is a photon?
A massless particle which contains a quantum of energy
Why do the lines in the hydrogen emission spectrum have a specific wavelength? 🌞➡️〰️
They represent light emitted at specific wavelength
