12 Flashcards

1
Q

Chauvinism vs ignorance

A

British people are more ignorant towards others than hostile,

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2
Q

Learning foreign languages

A

They do not have to learn a foreign language after the age of 14

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3
Q

The Commonwealth

membership,

annual meetings,

trade agreements

A

Composed of countries that used to be part of the empire

They meet annually

Before becoming the member of the European Economic community, Commonwealth members had special trading agreements between each other

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4
Q

The armed forces
military service,

branches

military interventions since 1982,

the CND

A

No compulsory military service

branches – the Royal Navy
the Royal Air Force
- the army

Falklands War, Gulf War, Balkan peacekeeping, Afghanistan

CND – Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament – Britain still has a nuclear force, although a small one

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5
Q

UK-US „special relationship

sense of belonging vs bitterness

A

Both reassuring being diplomatically close to the most powerful nation in the world and mild bitterness about the power of the USA

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6
Q

UK-US „special relationship

low points, common operations

A

Suez, USA invasion of Grenada (member of Commowealth)

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7
Q

UK-US „special relationship

decline,

consequences

A

Since joining European Communities, the special relationship declined, Britain is just a part of the European trading block

Majority of visitors to Britain are now from Europe

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8
Q

UK-EU relations

2 UK referendums

A

Referentum on continued membership in 1975

Referendum on leaving EU in 2016

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9
Q

UK-EU relations

the British sense of apartness,

consequences

A

They know that their country is geographically part of Europe, but they just dont feel it

As a consequence, only third of the British electorate voted in European elections

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10
Q

UK-EU relations

EU laws and regulations

issues of interference,

sovereignty,

way of life

A

EU laws and regulations are perceived as interference by a „foreign“ organization

Sovereignty is the autonomy and independence of the UK

British fear EU laws are a threat to the British „way of life“

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11
Q

UK-EU relations

imperial measures,

metric martyrs

A

The British were fighting to preserve the imperial measures in trading,

Metric martyrs were traders who were selling vegetables in imperial measures

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12
Q

Relations inside the UK
Scotland

situation in Scotland before/after the 1980s

A

Before 1980s they were happy to be part of the UK, from the mid 1980s majority wanted to govern themselves or complete independence.

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13
Q

Relations inside the UK
Scotland

the Scottish Parliament – formation and powers

A

The Scottish Parliament was created in 1999 (300 years after its abolishment), it has powers over internal Scottish affairs, it can do little regarding defence, foreign policy and economic policy.

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14
Q

Relations inside the UK
Scotland

support for the Tories in Scotland

A

Supporting self-government.

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15
Q

Relations inside the UK
Scotland

the West Lothian question (important)

A

Westminster MPs cannot vote on matters of health, education, law and order or welfare in Scotland, because Scotland has a separate parliament which decides these matters.

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16
Q

Wales

anglicized vs nationalistic parts

A

South-eastern and north-eastern parts are anglicized.

Central and western parts are nationalistic.

17
Q

Wales

the Welsh Assembly – formation and powers (compared with the Scottish Parliament)

A

Referendum on a national Welsh Assembly produced a very narrow majority in favour.

Its powers are much more limited than those of Scotland.

18
Q

Wales

Wales and the Union flag

A

In the Union flag, nothing represents Wales, some Welsh MPs asked for a change in the flag, but nationalists do not agree with it.

19
Q

Northern Ireland

the 2 communities

A

Catholic and Protestant

20
Q

Northern Ireland

the name Ulster

A

Name of one of the ancient kingdoms of Ireland.

21
Q

Northern Ireland

Bloody Sunday,

„the Troubles“

A

30.1.1972 British troops shot dead 14 unarmed Catholic marchers.

the Troubles were terrorist attacks and support for extremist political parties

22
Q

Northern Ireland

the arrival/withdrawal of British troops

A

British troops arrived in 1969 and withdrew in 1972.

23
Q

Northern Ireland

the peace process

A

The peace process began in 1998 with Good Friday Agreement and ended in around 2007.

24
Q

Northern Ireland

the Good Friday agreement

A

This agreement gave the Republic of Ireland a small degree of power sharing and everybody born in Northern Ireland had the right to be a citizen of the Republic, as long as majority wanted it, they would remain a part of the UK.

25
Q

Northern Ireland

the involvement of the Republic of Ireland

A

The agreement involved not only all the political parties in the province but also the Irish and British governments.

26
Q

Northern Ireland

self government,

composition

A

Self government was estabilished in 2007 with an elected assembly and a cross-party cabinet.

27
Q

Northern Ireland

3 factors – why the violence ended:

A
  1. Gradual process of righting the economic and social wrongs which led to the Civil Rights movement
  2. 9/11 – terrorist attacks were no longer supported by Irish-Americans if they carried out terrorist acts.
  3. Transformation of the south of Ireland from a backward priest-ridden country to a modern, dynamic economy.
28
Q

Northern Ireland

emancipation of Catholics

A

Catholics have the same rights as Protestants nowadays.

29
Q

Northern Ireland

9/11

A

After this terrorist attack, the extremist groups which carried out similar acts stopped receiving support from Irish-Americans.

30
Q

Northern Ireland

extremist groups – republican, at least 1 loyalist

A

IRA (Irish Republican Army),

loyalist group was UFF (Ulster Freedom Fighters)