1.1.b The structure and function of the muscular system

Question 1

Agonist:

Answer 1

Working musle that produces or controls the desired joint movement

Also known as the prime mover.

Question 2

Antagonist:

Answer 2

Muscles work in pairs to make sure control is maintained. The movement created by the agonist is counteracted bu the movement created by the antagonist.

Question 3

Antagonistic pairs

Answer 3

Muscles work in pairs as one mucle contracts, the other relaxes.

Question 4

movement

Muscles

Answer 4

To produce movements, muscles either shorten, lengthen or remain the same when they contract.

Question 5

Biceps and triceps

Antagonistic pairs example:

Answer 5

At the elbow joint, as the biceps flexes the elbow joint by contracting, the tricep relaxes. As the arm extends, the opposite occurs.

Question 6

Hamstrings and quadriceps

Antagonistic pairs example:

Answer 6

At the knee joint, as the hamstring contracts, the quadricep relaxes and the knee joint flexes.

Question 7

Antagonistic muscle action

Insertion

Answer 7

The insertion is known as the moving end. End of the muscles attached to the bone that moves.

Question 8

Fixator:

Answer 8

A muscle that acts as the stabiliser and helps the agonist work effectively of one part of the body during movement of another part.

Question 9

Example of fixator:

Answer 9

The deltoid helps stabilise the bicep during a bicep curl.