11.5 Introduction to reaction mechanisms Flashcards
Definition of a radical
A species with an unpaired electron
How are covalent bonds broken?
Homolytic or heterolytic fission
Definition of covalent bond
A shared pair of electrons between two atoms
What is homolytic fission?
The breaking of a covalent bond with one of the bonded electron going to each atom, forming two radicals
What is heterolytic fission?
The breaking of a covalent bond forming a cation and an anion. One of the atoms takes both of the electrons
What does a curly arrow show?
The movement of a pair of electrons when a bond is broken or made
What are the three different types of reaction?
Additional, Substitution, Elimination
What is an addition reaction?
two reactants join together to form one product
What is a substitution reaction?
an atom or group is replaced by a different atom or group
What is an elimination reaction?
The removal of a small molecule to form a larger one
What type of reaction is this?
Substitution
What type of reaction is this?
Addition
What type of reaction is this?
Substitution
