1.14-1.15 Electron Transport Chain and Ox. Phosphorilation

Question 1

What are the prosthetic groups of complex one and two?

Answer 1

I - FMN

II - FAD

Question 2

Which ETC complexes have an Fe-S prosthetic group?

Answer 2

The first three

Question 3

Which two ETC complexes are cytochromes?

Answer 3

The last two (III and IV)

Question 4

Which ETC complex also contains copper?

Answer 4

IV

Question 5

What is the Q pool?

Answer 5

Co-Q does a double cycle in order to hand off one electron at a time (max it can handle) to cytochrome C. All this happens within Complex III

Question 6

What is the significance of redox potential values?

Answer 6

The more positive it is, the more likely the transfer of electrons will occur

Question 7

What does the superoxide dismutase mechanism do?

Answer 7

It converts O2- (superoxide) to O2 and H2O2. The H2O2 is further reduced to H2O by catalase

Question 8

What does glutathione peroxidase do?

Answer 8

It converts H2O2 to H20, by oxidizing two GSH molecules to form a dissulfide GSSG single molecule. GSSG is reduced back to two GSH molecules by NADPH from the PPP pathway.

Question 9

What is the purpose of the Glycerol-3-P shuttle?

Answer 9

NADH energy is transported into the mitochondrial matrix to form FADH2 - a net yield of energy is lost due to less ATP production from FADH2

Question 10

What is the purpose of the malate-aspartate shuttle?

Answer 10

NADH energy from cytosol is converted to NADH in the matrix via Malate. Because NADH cannot cross the innermembrane of mitochondria

Question 11

What does the transamination of Oxaloacetate and Glutamate produce?

Answer 11

Alpha-ketoglutarate and Aspartate (both can cross the inner mitochondrial membrane)