1.1.3 Input, output and storage

Question 1

What is input?

Answer 1

Entry of data

Question 2

What is output?

Answer 2

Printing of data in some way.

Question 3

Is sensor an input or an output ?

Answer 3

input

Question 4

Name some outputs..

Answer 4

Monitor 
Speakers 
Earphones 
Lights 
Projector 
Printer 
Vibrations

Question 5

Name some inputs…

Answer 5

Keyboard 
Mouse 
Scanner 
Touchscreen 
Microphone 
Webcam 
Gamepad 
Barcode Reader 
RFID readers 
Sensors

Question 6

How does a barcode reader work ?

Answer 6

Bars and spaces represent characters, which are scanned. During scanning the laser light is either absorbed or reflected, creating an electrical signal.

Question 7

How does a RFID reader work?

Answer 7

A number is found in the computer’s database to obtain details.

Question 8

How does a digital camera work ?

Answer 8

Picture taken is stored digitally. The camera magnifies and focuses while CCD with transistors creates an electrical signal depending on light intensity.(TRANSISTOR IS A PIXEL)

Question 9

What are the three types of printers?

Answer 9

LASER
THERMAL
PLOTTER

Question 10

What does ROM stand for ?

Answer 10

Read Only Memory

Question 11

Characteristics of ROM…

Answer 11

Data stored cannot be altered
Non-volatile
Contains BIOS

Question 12

What does ROM do and what does it use to do that?

Answer 12

It is used to boot up systems with BIOS.

Question 13

What does non-volatile mean?

Answer 13

Doesn’t lose data when power is lost

Question 14

What does volatile mean?

Answer 14

Loses data when power is cut.

Question 15

What does BIOS do?

Answer 15

Its a bootup program that checks computer’s functionality. It performs check using bootup loader and gives control to the OS.

Question 16

What does RAM stand for ?

Answer 16

Random Access Memory

Question 17

What does RAM do?

Answer 17

Stores working programs and applications

Question 18

Characteristics of RAM?

Answer 18

Can be accessed and data can be altered at any time
Volatile
OS needs to be copied into it to run
Directly written to and read by the processor

Question 19

What is DISC THRASHING?

Answer 19

The process of having to move between RAM and secondary memory constantly, slowing down the computer - this happens with virtual memory.

Question 20

What is virtual memory?

Answer 20

Part of the hard drive used as an extension of RAM.

Question 21

When is virtual memory used?

Answer 21

When RAM is full, so that wanted programs can keep on running.

Question 22

What needs to happen before a program from virtual memory is opened?

Answer 22

The data of that program needs to be copied back into RAM.

Question 23

How can we overcome the need for virtual memory ?

Answer 23

QUIT PROGRAMS

ADD RAM

Question 24

What is paging?

Answer 24

A memory managment scheme by which the computer stores and retrieves data from secondary storage. That data is read in PAGES, which are all equal.

Question 25

What is secondary storage?

Answer 25

A hard disk or any device that stores information permanently and is not immediately accessed by the processor.

Question 26

What are the three types of secondary storage ?

Answer 26

Magnetic
Flash
Optical