11.3 Flashcards
What is a clone
On organize and that has exactly the same genes as the organism from which it was produced genetically identical
3 different methods for developing organisms with desired traits
Cloning genetic engineering and artificial selection
What is genetic engineering
Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism
What can genetic engineering do?
Can produce medicines and improve food crops
What happens when Scientists insert the DNA for the human insulin gene into the plasmid bacterium
The bacterial cell and all of its offspring will contain this human gene and can be produced in a short time
What does gene therapy involve?
It involves inserting copy of a gene directly into a person’s cell
This may someday correct some genetic disorders by replacing the defective allele on the X-chromosome
What is selective breeding
The process of artificially selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of the next-generation
Example of selective breeding
Mexican farmers save seeds found the healthiest plants and would plant Only those seeds the following spring so their crops to produce the best crop
What is hybridization?
When breeders cross two genetically different individuals
Why does hybridization occur?
They are bred to have the best traits from both parents
What happens in breeding
in breeding involves crossing to your individual that family I desirable characteristics
What does inbreeding do?
Produces organisms that are very genetically similar and chance of offspring inheriting two recessive alleles increases which leads to genetic disorders
What is biotechnology
That application of a technological process invention or method to living organisms
What happens in biotechnology
Scientist change the genetic makeup of an organism
Impact biotech has on society, individuals, and the environment.
Allows scientists to develop treatments for human diseases
That affect the number and type of living organisms on earth
Farmers can conserve resources and reduce chemicals released into the environment
