11.2- NOMENCLATURE- NAMING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Question 1

Who created the system used for naming compounds?

Answer 1

IUPAC

Question 2

What is IUPAC?

Answer 2

international organisation of chemists that draws up standards so that chemists throughout the world use the same conventions

Question 3

What does the root of the systematic name tell us?

Answer 3

the longest unbranched hydrocarbon chain or ring

Question 4

What does the syllable after the root tell us?

Answer 4

whether there are any double bonds

Question 5

What does the syllable -ane mean?

Answer 5

no double bond

Question 6

What does the syllable -ene mean?

Answer 6

double bond

Question 7

What do the prefixes and suffixes describe?

Answer 7

changes that have been made to root molecule

Question 8

What is shown by the prefix?

Answer 8

side chains, whose names tell us the number of carbons \

Question 9

What additional prefix do hydrocarbon ring molecules have?

Answer 9

cyclo

Question 10

What is the suffix for alcohols?

Answer 10

-ol

Question 11

What are functional groups?

Answer 11

reactive groups attached to hydrocarbon chain

Question 12

How does the functional group react depending on the length of the hydrocarbon chain?

Answer 12

functional group reacts in same way, whatever the length of the hydrocarbon chain

Question 13

How are halogenoalkanes named?

Answer 13

using a prefix (fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo- )

Question 14

What must you do with longer chains?

Answer 14

need to say where a side chain or a functional group is located on main chain

Question 15

What is used to tell us the position of any branching in a chain and position of functional group?

Answer 15

number

Question 16

What is a structural formulae?

Answer 16

have same molecular formula but different structural formulae

Question 17

How are the substituting groups ordered?

Answer 17

in alphabetical order

Question 18

What is a homologous series?

Answer 18

family of organic compounds with the same functional group, but different carbon chain length

Question 19

Do members of a homologous series have the same general formula?

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

How does each member of series differ from the next? (homologous series)

Answer 20

by CH2

Question 21

What affect does the length of the carbon chain have on chemical reactivity of the functional group?

Answer 21

little effect on chemical reactivity of the functional group

Question 22

What does the length of the carbon chain affect?

Answer 22

physical properties

Question 23

What physical properties does the length of the carbon chain affect?

Answer 23

melting point, boiling point and solubility

Question 24

What happens to melting and boiling point as number of carbon atoms in chain increases?

Answer 24

melting points and boiling points increase by a small amount

Question 25

Why does melting and boiling point increase as number of carbon atoms in chain increases?

Answer 25

intermolecular forces increases

Question 26

Generally how does the size of molecules affect their state?

Answer 26

small molecules are gases, larger ones liquid, or solids

Question 27

What does chain branching generally do?

Answer 27

generally reduces melting points as molecules pack together less well