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FMF > 112-NBC > Flashcards

112-NBC Flashcards

0
Q

What color is the NBC chemical marker?

A

Yellow background with red text

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1
Q

What does NATO stand for?

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

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2
Q

What color is the NBC biological marker?

A

Blue background with red text

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3
Q

What color is the NBC radiological marker?

A

White background with black text “ATOM”

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4
Q

What color is the NBC chemical minefield marker?

A

Red background with yellow text “Gas Mines” and stripe

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5
Q

What shape are the NBC contamination markers?

A

​Right isosceles triangle 90/45/45 11x8”

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6
Q

What does the M40 FPM consist of?

A

​Faceblank, filter canister, dual voicemitter assemblies, ​inlet/outlet valves and water drinking system

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7
Q

How is an NBC attack expressed vocally?

A

​GAS-GAS-GAS

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8
Q

How is an NBC attack expressed visually?

A

​Arms extended, fist to ears 3 times as the word GAS is ​said

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9
Q

How is an NBC attack expressed by percussion?

A

​Metal on metal, metal triangles, sirens, intermittent ​horns

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10
Q

Where should your rifle be placed when donning a FPM?

A

Between legs

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11
Q

Where should headgear be placed when donning FPM?

A

On rifle

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12
Q

What piece should be covered on the FPM to clear it?

A

The outlet valve

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13
Q

The M40 FPM is designed to protect the wearer from what 2 things?

A

​Field concentrations of chemical and biological agents

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14
Q

The FPM should be donned, cleared, and sealed within what time frame?

A

​9 Seconds + 6 Sec to put hood in place

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15
Q

What lead to the concept of MOPP?

A

​The need to balance protection with the threat, ​temperature, and urgency of the mission

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16
Q

Commanders can adjust the MOPP protection through how many levels?

A

6

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17
Q

What is “MOPP ready”?

A

When mask is carried

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18
Q

What is MOPP level 0?

A

​MOPP gear available but not warn

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19
Q

How long does it take to use M256A1

A

Approximately 15 minutes

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20
Q

What advantage does M256A1 have over M8 and M9?

A

​Can detect a greater number of agents to include vapor ​hazards

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21
Q

How many rolls of M9 tape are issued to a squad?

A

1

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22
Q

Where is M9 tape worn?

A

​Ankles, wrists and biceps outside protective clothing

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23
Q

What is the purpose of M9 tape?

A

​Detect presence of chemical agents but not identify it

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24
Q

What is M9 tape is primarily used on?

A

Barely visible drops

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25
Q

What color will M9 tape turn once in contact with contamination?

A

​Light pink, reddish brown or violet tint

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26
Q

What is M8 paper primarily used on?

A

Suspected liquid forms

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27
Q

How much M8 paper should be used to test liquid?

A

Half sheet if perforated

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28
Q

What can some decontaminants produce on M8 paper?

A

False positives

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29
Q

What are the 3 levels of decontamination?

A

​Immediate, operational, thorough

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30
Q

What are the 3 immediate decon techniques?

A

​Skin decon, personnel wipe down, operators spray ​down

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31
Q

What are the 2 operational decon techniques?

A

​Vehicle wash down, MOPP gear exchange

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32
Q

What are the 3 thorough decon techniques?

A

​Detailed troop, detailed equipment, detailed aircraft

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33
Q

During a nuclear attack one should lay down with the head in what direction?

A

Toward the blast

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34
Q

During a nuclear attack one should lay face down for how long?

A

​90 Seconds or until debris has stopped falling

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35
Q

What are the physical characteristics of nerve agents?

A

​Odorless, almost colorless liquids, varying greatly in ​viscosity and volatility

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36
Q

Nerve agents can penetrate cloth in what form?

A

Liquid or vapor

37
Q

What material is resistant to nerve agents?

A

​Butyl rubber and synthetics such as polyester

38
Q

What do nerve agents inhibit?

A

​Normal transmission of nerve impulses in the ​parasympathetic autonomic nervous system

39
Q

Nerve agent reaction with cholinesterase tends to be __________?

A

Irreversible

40
Q

When will nerve agents cause the pupils to constrict?

A

When intoxicated by vapor

41
Q

When will nerve agents cause local muscular twitching?

A

Exposure to skin

42
Q

Nerve agent antidotes should not be given for what purpose?

A

Preventative

43
Q

Service members are issued how many 2mg atropine auto injectors?

A

3

44
Q

Service members are issued how many 600mg 2-PAM CL auto injectors?

A

3

45
Q

Atropine should be administered how frequently?

A

​Every 15 minute until atropinization occurs (noted by ​tachycardia and dry mouth)

46
Q

What will Atropine alone not relieve?

A

Respiratory muscle failure

47
Q

Pralidoxime chloride is used to regenerate what?

A

​Blocked cholinesterase

48
Q

Atropine should be held firmly at the injection site for at least how long?

A

10 seconds

49
Q

Nonmedical personnel may give how many sets of 2-PAM CL?

A

​Three at 15 minute intervals PRN

50
Q

What are the three common blister agents?

A

​Mustard (HD), Nitrogen Mustard (HN), Lewisite (L)

51
Q

When do mustards manifest symptoms?

A

​Several hours after exposure

52
Q

What do mustards attack?

A

​Eyes, respiratory tract, skin

53
Q

Treatment for mustard?

A

​None (supportive in nature)

54
Q

What are the physical characteristics of mustard (blister) agents?

A

​Oily, colorless, or pale yellow liquids, sparingly soluble ​in water. HN less volatile and more persistent than HD

55
Q

Photophobia is caused by what agent?

A

Mustard (blister)

56
Q

Mustard causes blistering in what time frame?

A

12-48 hours

57
Q

Lewisite is an ________________?

A

Arsenical

58
Q

What are the physical characteristics of Lewisite?

A

​Light to dark brown liquid that vaporizes quickly

59
Q

When does a lewisite cause intense pain?

A

Upon contact

60
Q

A 30% solution of sodium sulfacetamide may be used within 24hrs to combat what?

A

​Eye infection caused by Lewisite

61
Q

When is British Anti-Lewisite indicated?

A

​Systemic involvement of Lewisite

62
Q

What is available in a peanut oil suspension for injection?

A

Dimercaperol

63
Q

Greater than 3mg of BAL will cause what?

A

Severe symptoms

64
Q

What do blood agents interfere with?

A

​Enzyme functions i.e. block oxygen transfer

65
Q

What is the blood agent AC?

A

Hydrocyanic acid

66
Q

What is the blood agent CK?

A

Cyanogen chloride

67
Q

When are blood agents in a gaseous state?

A

​Normal temperatures and pressures

68
Q

When do violent convulsions occur after exposure to blood agents?

A

20-30 seconds

69
Q

What are the 2 suggested antidotes for blood agents?

A

​Amyl nitrite, sodium thiosulfate

70
Q

What odor is associated with blood agents?

A

Almonds

71
Q

How is amyl nitrite used?

A

​2 ampules crushed in hand and held at victims nose (repeated up to 8 ampules)

72
Q

How is sodium thiosulfate administered?

A

​100-200 mg/kg IV over 9 minutes (speed is key)

73
Q

State four choking agents:

A

​Phosgene (CG) - most common, Chlorine (CL), ​Chloropicrin, Diphosgene

74
Q

What are the physical characteristics of choking agents?

A

​Colorless gas, smells like new mown hay or cut grass

75
Q

When exposed to a choking agent there may be no symptoms for up to how long?

A

2-6 hours

76
Q

What is the treatment for choking agents?

A

Complete bed rest

77
Q

Incapacitating agents are mainly comprised of what?

A

Psycho chemicals

78
Q

How are incapacitating agents administered?

A

​Contaminating food/water, released as aerosols

79
Q

How soon do the first symptoms appear when exposed to incapacitating agents?

A

30 minutes to several hours

80
Q

What is the standard incapacitant in the US?

A

​3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ)

81
Q

What is the drug of choice for incapacitating agents?

A

​Physostigmine (results show in 4 hours but must be continued)

82
Q

What are two categories of harassing agents?

A

​Lacrimators/Vomiting agents

83
Q

What are two types of tear gas?

A

​Chloracetophenone (CN), orthochlorobenzilidine malanonitrile (CS) -more potent

84
Q

What are the 3 principle vomiting agents?

A

​Adamsite (DM), diphenylchloroarsine (DA), diphenylcyanoarsine (DC)

85
Q

How are vomiting agents released?

A

Aerosols

86
Q

What are S/S of vomiting agents?

A

​Strong pepper-like irritation in upper respiratory tract. ​Burning in nose/throat, hypersalivation, headache

87
Q

Why do victims of vomiting agents tend to remove their mask?

A

​Symptoms increase for several minutes in spite of ​adequate protection

88
Q

How should duties be carried out when exposed to vomiting agents?

A

As vigorously as possible

89
Q

What first aid is given for vomiting agents?

A

​Wash and rinse with water, mild analgesic may be ​given for headache (recovery within 1-3 hrs)

90
Q

What are the characteristics of white phosphorus (WP)?

A

​Pale, waxy solid that ignites on contact with air which ​gives off a hot dense smoke composed of phosphorus ​pentoxide particles

91
Q

What treatment should be rendered when burning particles of (WP) embed in the skin.

A

​Covered with water, a wet cloth or mud. A 0.5% ​solution ​of copper sulfate may be used as a rinse but ​not a dressing

FMF (15 decks)

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