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Geography > 1.1.2 Global Scale > Flashcards

1.1.2 Global Scale Flashcards

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1
Q

Spheres involved

A

hydrosphere (l), lithosphere, cryosphere (s), atmosphere (g)

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2
Q

Ocean percentage

A

97%

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3
Q

Freshwater stores

A

glaciers, ice caps & ice sheets - 69%
groundwater - 30%
Surface (permafrost, lakes, swamps, rivers, living organisms) - 1%

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4
Q

Aquifers definition

A

Underground water stores below water table (unevenly distributed around globe)

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5
Q

Types of aquifer

A

Confined (trapped between two layers of rock) & unconfined (can receive water from surfaces)

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6
Q

Shallow groundwater aquifers store water for…

A

200yrs

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7
Q

Deep fossil aquifers…

A

formed during wetter climatic periods, last 10,000 yrs

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8
Q

Glaciers store water for…

A

20-100 yrs (from accumulation to ablation/calving)

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9
Q

Lakes store water for…

A

50-100 yrs

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10
Q

Seasonal snow & rivers store water for…

A

2-6 mnths

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11
Q

Soil water stored for…

A

1-2 mnths

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12
Q

Water table

A

boundary between water-saturated ground and unsaturated ground.

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13
Q

Zones above and below water table

A 
Above = vadose zone
Below = Phreatic zone
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14
Q

The water table usually follows…

A

the topography of the ground

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15
Q

If the water table intersects with the land surface…

A

it causes a spring or oasis

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16
Q

If the water table is higher than the ground…

A

a swamp is caused

17
Q

Impervious surfaces (e.g. from urbanisation) …

A

prevent infiltration to the phreatic zone causing a dip in the water table

18
Q

Water tables are useful for researchers…

A

to measure the health of aquifers

19
Q

Aquifer depletion is caused by…

A

overabstraction by industry, agriculture and private use.

20
Q

Some oceanic islands…

A

have tidal tables. The freshwater is less dense than the salt water so stays above it.

Geography (9 decks)

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