1.11. The Carbon Cycle: Stores Flashcards

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1
Q

Atmosphere to biosphere

A

Photosynthesis

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2
Q

Biosphere to atmosphere

A
  • respiration
  • combustion
  • decomposition
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3
Q

Biosphere to lithosphere

A

Sequestration

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4
Q

Hydrosphere to lithosphere

A

Sequestration

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5
Q

Cryosphere to atmosphere

A

Permafrost melting

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6
Q

Atmosphere to hydrosphere

A

Weathering

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7
Q

Hydrosphere to atmosphere and atmosphere to hydrosphere

A

Ocean uptake and loss

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8
Q

Lithosphere

A
  • largest store
  • over 99.9% of carbon on Earth is stored in sedimentary rocks formed at the bottom of the sea
    0.004% stored in fossil fuels
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9
Q

Biosphere

A
  • 0.004% of Earth’s carbon stored in tissues of living organisms and transferred to soil when organisms die and decay
  • Found in different types
    - 1100 Gtc in biomass of living plants
    - 2500 Gtc in soil
    - 1550 Gtc is organic biomass
    - 950 Gtc in inorganic carbon
  • found on all continents covering 4 million square kilometres
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10
Q

Atmosphere

A
  • carbon stored as CO2 and methane in atmosphere
  • current levels around 0.001% of Earth’s carbon
  • as high as 7000 parts per million (ppm) 500 years ago
  • as low as 180 ppm 2 million years ago- quaternary age
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11
Q

Cryosphere

A
  • contains less than 0.001% of Earth’s carbon
  • most of cryosphere’s carbon is found in soil of permafrost
  • decomposing plants and animals frozen in ground thaw and release methane
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12
Q

Hydrosphere

A
  • carbon dioxide dissolved in rivers, lakes and oceans
  • oceans are the second largest carbon store on earth - 0.04%
  • majority of carbon found deep in ocean
  • small amount of carbon at ocean surface exchanged with atmosphere via phytoplankton at euphotic zone
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