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Acids, bases and salts > 11.1 Acids and alkalis > Flashcards

11.1 Acids and alkalis Flashcards

1
Q

what is the acid in vinegar

A

Ethanolic acid

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2
Q

What color is litmus solution

A

its a purple dye

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3
Q

in what form is litmus?

A

both liquid and paper

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4
Q

acid turns what in litmus paper

A

red

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5
Q

alkali turns what in litmus paper

A

blue

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5
Q

name 4 common acids

A

-hydrochloric acid
-sulfuric acid
-nitric acid
-ethanoic acid

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6
Q

formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCL(aq)

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7
Q

formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4 (aq)

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8
Q

formula for sulfuric acid

A

HNO3 (aq)

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9
Q

formula for Ethanoic acid

A

CH3COOH (aq)

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10
Q

what acid does lime juice contain

A

Citric acid

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11
Q

Ant stings contain what acid

A

methanoic acid

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12
Q

fizzy drinks contain?

A

carbonic acid

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13
Q

is it safe to handle alkali

A

Like acids they must be handled carefully. They too can burn skin.

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14
Q

what are the common alkalis

A

-sodium hydroxide
-potassium hydroxide
-calcium hydroxide
-ammonia

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15
Q

formula for sodium hydroxide

A

NaOH (aq)

16
Q

formula for potassium hydroxide

A

KOH (aq)

17
Q

formula for calcium hydroxide

A

Ca(OH)2 (aq)

18
Q

formula for ammonia

A

NH3

19
Q

why is litmus called an indicator

A

because it indicates whether something is an acid or an alkaline

20
Q

what are the other indicators

A

-litmus
-phenolphthalein
-methyl orange

21
Q

color change in phenolphthalein

A

acid-colorless
alkali-pink

22
Q

color change in methyl orange

A

acid-red
alkali-yellow

23
Q

what is a neutral substance

A

they are neither acid nor alkali, they are neutral

24
Q

examples of neutral substances

A

-pure water
-sugar
-aqueous solution of sodium chlroide (NaCl)

25
Q

what is a pH scale

A

with use of pH scale acidic or alkaline solution can be determined, the number goes from 0 - 14

26
Q

what is universal indicator

A

you can find the pH of ANY solution by using universal indicator, this is a mixture of dyes it is available as a solution or a paper strip. It color changes with pH.

27
Q

what color of the pH is 1-2?

A

red

28
Q

what color of the pH is 3-4

A

orange

29
Q

what color of the pH is 5

A

yellow

30
Q

what color of the pH is 6

A

yellow ish green

31
Q

what color of the pH is 7

A

green

32
Q

what color of the pH is 8

A

green ish blue

33
Q

what color of the pH is 9

A

blue

34
Q

what color of the pH is 10-12

A

dark blue

35
Q

what color of the pH is 13

A

violet

36
Q

what is corrosive

A

they must be handled carefully specially with concentrated soliton because they can eat away material, skin and cloth.

Acids, bases and salts (8 decks)

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