11.1 11.2 11.3 11.5 11.6 Flashcards
Allele frequency
The measure of how often an allele shows up in a population
Gene pool
the combined alleles in a population
Normal distribution
The highest point of a graph before decreasing
Microevolution
The observable change in an allele over time
Directional selection
A type of phenotype that is favored by selection
Stabilizing selection
Intermediate phenotype that is favored and becomes frequent in a population
Disruptive selection
When both extreme phenotypes are favored while the intermediate is selected against something in nature
Gene flow
The movement of alleles from one population to another
Genetic drift
changes in allele frequenceys
bottleneck affect
Genetic drift after an event that greatly reduces the size of the population
Founder affect
Genetic drift that occurs after a small number of individuals colonize a new area
Sexual selection
When a certain trait increases mating success
Reproductive Isolation
When 2 members of different population can no longer mate
Specification
The rise of one existing species from another species
Behavioral isolation
When thereare differences in courtship or a mating process
Geographic isolation
When a physical barriers divides a population into 2 or more groups
Temporal isolation
When timing prevents reproduction between populations
Convergent evolution
Evolution toward a similar char. in a unrelated species
divergent evolution
when a closely related species evolves in 2 different directions
coevolution
The process in-which 2 species evolve in response to each other
extintion
the elimination of a species from earth
punctuated equilibrium
shot periods of drastic chance and long periods of smaller change
adaptive radiation
The diversification of one ancestral species into many descendent species
