1100 Hour Test Flashcards
If you were a middle-class woman in ancient Rome, you would color your hair ______ to indicate your class status.
Blond
The makeup developed by ______ was popular with movie stars because it would not cake or crack, even under hot studio lights.
Max Factor
When is the best time to think about getting your client back into the salon?
While they are still in the salon
Which of these questions can a potential employer legally ask during an interview?
Are you authorized to work in the United States?
Methly methacrylate (MMA) is not recommended for use on nails because they do not adhere well to the nail plate, the rigidity of the product can lead to serious natural nail damage, it is extremely difficult to remove, and _______.
The FDA says not to use it
A properly-worn dust mask will protect you from ________.
Dust only
The curling iron was invented by ______.
Marcel Grateau
Which of these terms refers to the moral principles by which we live and work?
Ethics
How long should your personal mission statement be?
One or two sentences
The science of designing the workplace as well as its equipment and tools to make specific body movements more comfortable, efficient, and safe is ______.
Ergonomics
Ensure you are dressed for success by tuning in to _______.
The salons culture
An awareness of your posture and _______ coupled with good work habits, proper tools, and equipment, will enhance your health and comfort.
Movements
Good communication skills reduce potential workplace?
Conflict
To earn a client’s _______ and loyalty, be consistent by always having a positive attitude.
Trust
If a client is revealing increasingly personal details, one recommended strategy is that you ______ or find a reason to excuse yourself, and when you return, change the subject or suggest a mini relaxation service.
Change the subject
The _______ is the communication with a client that determines the client’s needs and how to achieve the desired results.
Client consultaion
A chemical process that destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces is _______.
Disinfecting
The presence of pus can be a sign of _______.
A bacterial infection
Which of the following is a condition caused by an infestation of head lice?
Pediculosis capitis
Disinfectants sold and used in the United States must carry ______ registration number.
Am Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Which agency publishes the guidelines known as Standard Precautions?
CDC
In 2012, OSHA agreed to comply with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals System (GHS), which requires the use of a standard format called ________ (SDS) to replace the MSDS.
Safety Data Sheet
When washing your hands, after you have used warm water, applied soap, and then rubbed your hands together until a lather forms, use a disinfected nail brush to brush your nails horizontal back and forth under the free edges and then up and down along the nail folds of the fingernails. The process of washing both hands should take about ________.
60 Seconds
Standard Precautions require employers to assume that all human blood and bodily fluids are potentially ________.
Infectious
When disinfecting a whirlpool foot spa after use by a client, you must circulate the disinfectant for ________ or the length of time indicated on the product label.
10 minutes
Licensing, enforcement, and your conduct when you are working in the salon are regulated by _____ agencies.
State
Cutting living skin is allowed only by ______.
Qualified medical professionals
Items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or bodily fluid are called _________.
Multiuse
Items that are ________ are also considered absorbent.
Porus
It is recommended that salons identify each time a piece of equipment is used, cleaned, disinfected, tested, and maintained ____________.
In a logbook
_________ include guidelines for the use of gloves, masks, and eyewear when contact with blood or body secretions containing blood or blood elements is a possibility.
Standard precautions
After they have been properly cleaned and disinfected, implements should be stored in a _______ container.
Clean, covered
After each client, you should properly clean the basic foot basin or tub, and then add the appropriate amount of disinfectant and let it soak for ________ or the time recommended by the manufacturer.
10 Minutes
Before beginning any service, you should wash your hands using pump soap, warm water, and a ________.
Clean, disinfected nail brush
A disease that is spread from one person to another is called a(n) ________.
Contagious disease
A disease caused by pathogenic organisms that enter the body, and which may or may not be spread from one person to another person, is _______.
An infectious disease
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface, and the removal of visible debris or residue is called ________.
Decontamination
A parasitic disease may be caused by _______.
Lice
A _________ is a submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of a biological organisms and is capable of replication only through taking over the host cell’s reproductive function,
Virus
The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface or visible debris or residues is called a(n) _______.
Contamination
The term ______ describes a ringworm fungus of the foot.
Tinea Pedis
The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms is called _______.
Infection Control
Add _________ when diluting to prevent foaming, which can result in an incorrect mixing ratio.
Disinfectant to water
Mitosis is the usual process of cell reproduction of human tissues that occurs when the cell divides into to two identical cells called _______.
Daughter cells
Which type of tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body?
Muscle tissue
The oval, bony case that protects the brain is the _____.
Cranium
What is the U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles?
Hyoid Bone
The ______ are the muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line.
Extensors
The muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity are the _____.
Adductors
The median nerve is a sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies the _____.
Arm and hand
Which nerve affects the muscles of the mouth?
Buccal
The endocrine glands, also known as _____ glands, release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream.
Ductless
The _____ system is the body system consisting of a group of specialized glands that affect the growth, development, sexual functions, and health of the entire body.
Endocrine
The ____ system forms the physical foundation of the body.
Skeletal
The study of the human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye and how the body parts are organized is _____.
Anatomy
A physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails is ______.
Dermatologist
Appendages of the skin include hair, nails, and sudoriferous and _____ glands.
Sebaceous
Which of the following correctly identifies the layers of skin and fat from the outermost layer to the innermost layer?
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
The amount and type of pigment produced in an individual is determined by his or her _____.
Genes
The epidermis is the ______ layer of the skin.
Thinnest
The scalp has larger and deeper _____ than the skin on the rest of the body.
Hair follicles
Water makes up _____ percent of the body’s weight and is necessary for virtually every function of the cells and body.
50-70
Small, cone-shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles are ______.
Dermal Papillae
Fatty tissue found below the dermis is _____ tissue.
Subcutaneous
A fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair is ______.
Sebum
Many scientists and dermatologists believe that extrinsic factors such as exposure to the sun or smoking are responsible for up to _____ percent of skin aging.
85
It is recommended that you wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least _____ on a daily basis.
15
An open comedo is also known as a ____.
Blackhead
Which of these is an inflammatory, uncomfortable, and often chronic disease of the skin, characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching?
Eczema
A cosmetologist must not serve a client who is suffering from an inflamed skin disorder, regardless of whether it is infectious, unless the client _____.
Has a physician’s note permitting the client to receive services
Acne is a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the _____ glands.
Sebaceous
Irritant contact dermatitis occurs when irritation substances temporarily damage the _____.
Epidermis
Foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet, that is generally caused by bacteria is _____.
Bromhidrosis
UVA rays, also known as _____, are deep-penetrating rays that can even go through a glass window.
Aging rays
The _____ is the whitish, half-moon shape underneath the base of the nail.
Lunula
The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is the _____.
Free edge
The appearance of the nails can reflect the general health of the ____.
Body
Cosmetologists are allowed to gently _____ the eponychium.
Push back
It takes about _________ for toenails to be fully replaced
Nine to twelve
The slightly thickened layer of skin under the nail that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the nail plate is the _______.
Hyponichium
A typical pseudomonal bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a _________ spot that becomes darker in its advanced stages.
Light-green
The medical term for fungal infections of the feet is ______.
Tinea Pedis
Splinter hemorrhages are caused by physical trauma or injury to the _______.
Nail bed
The condition in which the living skin around the nail splits and tears is _______.
A hang nail
The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is ________.
Onycholysis
Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate are known as _______.
Beau’s lines
The technical term for white spots, or whitish discolorations of the nails is _______.
Leukonychia spots
The technical term for bitten nails is _________.
Onychophagy
An abnormal condition that occurs when the skin is stretched by the nail plate is _________.
Nail pterygium
The technical term for ingrown nails is _______.
Onychocryptosis
The scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care is called _______.
Trichology
The ________ is the small, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle.
Arrector pili muscle
Which type of melanin provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blond tones?
Pheomelanin
The measurement of the number of individual hair strands on one square inch (2.5 square centimeters) of the scalp is _______.
Hair desity
Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to ______ of its original length and return to that length without breaking.
50 percent
Which type of hair almost never has a medulla?
Vellus
The technical term used to describe gray hair is ______.
Canities
The technical term for dandruff is ______.
Pitytiasis
The anagen phase generally lasts from three to five ________.
Years
Compared to pigmented hair, gray hair is _______.
Exactly the same
Tinea is characterized by ______, scales, and sometimes, painful circular lesions.
Itching
The infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is called _______.
Pediculosis capitis
Hypertrichosis is also known as ________.
Hirsuties
A highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite that burrows under the skin is _______.
Scabies
The ________ is the innermost layer of the hair and is composed of round cells.
Medulla
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called ______.
Hair porosity
The technical term for ringworm is ________.
Tinea
Inorganic chemistry is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon, but may contain which element?
Hydrogen
Liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions are considered ______.
Immiscible
The tail of a surfactant molecule is oil-loving or ______.
Lipophilic
An oxidizing agent is a substance that releases _______.
Oxygen
The ingredient used to raise the pH in hair products to allow the solution to penetrate the hair shaft is ______.
Ammonia
The chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide is _________.
Oxidation
A chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction take place at the same time is _______.
Redox
The ____ is the smallest chemical component of an element.
Atom
The negative electrode of an electrotherapy device is called ____.
A cathode
Microcurrent can be used to _______ and restore elasticity.
Increase muscle tone
Constant and direct current, having a positive and negative pole, which produces chemical changes when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body is known as ______ current.
A galvanic
The use of ______ light reduces acne and bacteria on the skin.
Blue
Chemically infused services that make changes in the natural texture, curl, or _____ in the hair are considered permanent and will never revert back to the original pattern
Wave pattern
Balance is described as establishing equal or appropriate proportions to create ________.
Symmetry
Which type of hair offers the most versatility in styling?
Wavy, medium hair
If a male client has ______, a fairly close-trimmed beard or even faded beard and mustache would be beneficial to the overall appearance.
A wide face and full cheeks
Depending on ______, color can accent or de-emphasize a particular part of a style or client feature.
Placement
What is the primary purpose of a shampoo service?
To cleanse the hair and scalp
The ingredients on shampoo labels are listed in what order?
In descending order from largest to smallest
Brushing of the hair should be avoided prior to _______.
Chemical services
Part one of the Three-Part Procedure for hair-care services includes _________.
Cleaning and disinfecting your tools, implements, and materials
A shampoo that contains special ingredients that are very effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions is called ______ shampoo.
Medicated
The ______ end of a surfactant molecule is water-attracting.
Hydrophilic
The reference point that signals a change in head shape from flat to round or vice versa is the _______.
Four corners
The straight lines used to build weight and create one-length and low-elevation haircuts are _______.
Horizontal lines
Which guideline is used when creating layers or a graduated haircut?
Traveling guideline
A stylist will need to use less elevation on curly hair than on straighter textures, or leave the hair a bit longer because of _______.
Shrinkage
The direction in which the hair grows from the scalp, also referred to as natural fall or natural falling position, is the ________.
Growth Pattern
Parting a haircut in the opposite way it was cut, at the same elevation, to check for precision of line and shape is called ______.
Cross-checking
The process of removing excess bulk without shortening hair length is known as _____.
Texturizing
Shears should be sharpened ________.
Only as needed
The client’s hair should be _______ before the consultation.
Cleansed and unstyled
Hair density is the number of individual hair strands on ________ of scalp.
1 square inch
Your shears should be cleaned and lubricated _______.
As needed
Lines parallel from the floor and relative to the horizon are _______ lines.
Horizontal
When creating uniform layers, the hair is elevated to ______ degrees from the scalp and cut at the same length.
90
________ is the key to avoiding long-term repetitive motion injuries and other musculoskeletal disorders.
Prevention
Always make consistent and ____ partings, which will give an even amount of hair to each subsection and produce more precise results.
Clean
Which cutting tool should generally be avoided when cutting curly hair?
Razor
Pin curls formed in a shaping should begin at the _______.
Open end
Which of the following is a technique used to temporarily straighten extremely curly hair or resistant hair until the hair is shampooed?
Hair pressing
Applying a thermal pressing comb twice on each side of the hair to remove a curl is a _______.
Hard press
After heating the iron to the desired temperature, test it on ________________________.
A piece of tissue paper
Thermal waving and curling is also known as _____.
Marcel waving
Who can diagnose scalp skin disease?
A dermatologist
Which roller position is recommended for full volume?
On base
A ________ is a brush used to speed up the blow drying process?
Vent brush
With a stove-heated pressing comb, remove the carbon by rubbing the outside surface and between the teeth with fine sandpaper or ______.
A fine steel-wool pad
What is a special consideration when pressing coarse hair?
Apply enough pressure so that the hair remains straightened
Which brush is recommended for stimulating the scalp and removing dirt and lint from locks?
Boar-bristle brush
When curly hair is braided wet, it ________ as it dries.
Shrinks and recoils
The term ________ refers to narrow rows of visible braids that lie close to the scalp and are created with a three-strand, on-the-scalp braiding technique.
Cornrows
Which of these is a tool used for cutting small sections, and should only be used after the hair has been blown dry?
Cutting comb
The ________ method builds up the braid strand by strand with extension hair fibers.
Feed-in
The fastest way to determine whether a strand of hair is synthetic is to _______.
Burn it with a match
Which of the following is a disadvantage of synthetic hair?
Synthetic hair cannot be exposed to extreme heat.
The fusion-bonding method of attaching hair extensions requires that the bonding material be activated by ______.
Heat
A _____ is a long strip of hair with a threaded edge.
Weft
Hair in which the root end of every single strand is sewn into the base is called _______.
Turned hair
If the hair in a human hair wig is porous, what is the best choice of hair color?
Semipermanent
The layer of the hair that provides the strength and elasticity of human hair is the ______.
Cortex
The technique of wrapping hair at an angle of 90 degrees or perpendicular to its base section is ______.
Half off-base placement
The two basic types of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are the spiral and _______.
Corquignole perm technique
An endothermic wave is activated by _______.
An outside heat source
Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for at least ______.
5 minutes
The process of rearranging the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is _______.
Chemical hair relaxing
Porous hair ______.
Could be damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solution.
In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place within the first _______.
5-10 minutes
One safety precaution of permanent waving is to _____.
Examine the scalp before perm service
With extremely curly hair, the twists are the ____ sections of the hair strands.
Thinnest and weakest
Relaxers are _______ and can literally melt or dissolve hair if used incorrectly.
Extremely alkaline
If the client’s hair has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer, it means the hair ________.
Will not hold a curl when applying a thio relaxer or thio permanent
The ______ is the innermost layer of the hair.
Medulla
Which type of relaxer requires the application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer?
Base relaxer
The middle layer of the hair is the _______.
Cortex
A _________ is a wrapping pattern in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-sized bases.
Basic permanent wrap
Which of these are usually classified as a lye-based relaxer?
Sodium hydroxide relaxers
The _____ is the tough exterior layer of the hair.
Cuticle
Hydrogen bonds can be broken by ________.
Either water or heat
What is the most common neutralizer?
Hydrogen peroxide
The layer of the hair that gives the hair the majority of its strength and elasticity is the _____.
Cortex
If the cuticle is lifted, allowing the hair to take color quickly, the hair is said to have ______.
High porosity
Hair color levels are arranged on a scale from _______.
1-10
Which color will help balance orange tones in the hair?
Blue
Temporary hair color pigment molecules do not penetrate the cuticle layer because they have ______ pigment molecules.
Large
Which type of hair color lightens and deposits color at the same time and in a single process because it is more alkaline than demi permanent colors and is usually mixed with a higher-volume developer?
Permanent hair color
Overlapping color can cause breakage and create _______.
A line of demarcation
In __________, selected strands are picked up from a narrow section of hair with a zigzag motion of the comb, and lightener or color is applied only to these strands.
Weaving
The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is known as _______.
Pre-softening
The best way to obtain pale blond results is to use _______.
Double-processing blonding
When hair is blue, it is recommended that you use _______ to balance it.
Orange
Demi permanent hair color ________ color.
Deposits but does not lift
Traditional semi permanent, demi permanent, and permanent hair color products that are used primarily on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors are _______.
Toners
When preforming a patch test, which color should you use?
The same color that will be used for the hair color service
Under lightened hair will appear to have more _______ than the intended color.
Red, yellow, or orange
Which of these is a coloring technique that requires two separate procedures in which the hair is pre-lightened before the depositing color is applied?
Double-process application
The melanin that gives blond and red colors to hair is called ______.
Pheomelanin
The technique called ________ refers to a combination of equal parts of a prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo used during the last five minutes of a haircolor service and worked through the hair to refresh ends.
A soap cap
What is the unit of measurement used to identify the lightness or darkness of a color?
Level
Predisposition test, also known as a ________, identifies a possible allergy in a client.
Patch test
A(n) _______ is a chemical compound that lightens hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment.
Lightener
Which of these measures the concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide?
Volume
Which of these is an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color?
Hydrogen peroxide developer
A ______ is used to equalize porosity and deposit color in one application to provide a uniform contributing pigment on pre-lightened hair.
Color filler
The term _______ refers to the first time the hair is colored.
Virgin application
A quick lightener, also known as _________, is a powdered lightener.
An off-the-scalp lightener
A(n) __________ is a test performed to determine how the hair will react to the color formula and how long the formula should be left on the hair.
Strand test
When identifying natural levels for a haircolor service, your most valuable tool is the ______.
Color wheel
Henna is an example of _____.
Natural haircolor
A release statement is not considered to be _________.
A legally binding contract
An absolute requirement for laser hair removal is that the hair being removed must be __________.
Darker than the surrounding skin
The tool used, particularly to remove unwanted hair at the nape of the neck is _______.
An electric clipper
When heated wax is ready to be applied to the skin it should be warm but not hot and ________.
Drip smoothly off the spatula
Which method of hair removal temporarily removes superfluous hair by dissolving it at the skin’s surface?
Depilatory
When preforming a patch test for a depilatory, how long should the product be left on the skin?
Seven to ten minutes
If hair is more than _______ long, it should be trimmed before waxing.
1/2 Inch
Another name for hirsuties is ________.
Hypertrichosis
Oily skin or skin that produces too much sebum may appear shiny or greasy and have _________.
Large pores
Which of these is a chronic hereditary disorder indicated by constant or frequent facial blushing?
Rosacea
Which massage movement is a light, continuous stroking movement applied in a slow, rhythmic manner with the fingers or palms?
Effleurage
The process of softening and emulsifying hardened sebum stuck in the follicles is called ______.
Desincrustation
Ingredients that attract water are known as ________.
Humectants
A(n) _________ is a hair follicle impacted with solidified sebum and dead cell buildup that appears as small bums just underneath the skin’s surface.
Closed comedone
Lotions that help rebalance the pH and remove remnants of cleanser from the skin are called _______.
Toners
Which of these terms refers to a condition that requires avoiding certain treatments, procedures, or products to prevent undesirable side effects?
Contraindication
Mild exfoliation will ______.
Reduce hyperpigmentation
Nail products should be removed from their respective containers using a _______ to prevent contamination of the products and the spread of disease.
Single-use plastic or metal spatula
If a single client is going to receive both a manicure and a pedicure, how many sets of gloves will the cosmetologist need?
Two
Disinfection containers come in many shapes, sizes, and materials and must have ________.
A lid
Soap is known to remove ________ of pathogenic microbes from the hands when hand washing is performed properly.
Over 90 percent
The purpose of massage in manicuring is the inducement of _________.
Relaxation
The wooden pusher is used to removed cuticle tissue from the nail plate, to clean under the free edge of the nail, or to _________.
Apply products
The ____ nail has a square free edge that is rounded off at the corner edges.
Squoval
Which of the following should never be placed in the foot bath with the clients feet?
Disinfectant
Which implement must be used carefully to prevent trapping the skin of the toe in the jaws?
Toenail nippers
Clients should be warned not to shave their legs within ______ a pedicure.
48 hours before
Who bears the responsibility for ensuring that proper disinfection of the pedicure bath occurs?
The salon and the technician
The shallow depression area of a nail tip is the ______ that serves as the point of contact with the nail plate.
Well
A substance used to remove surface moisture and tiny amounts of oil left on the natural nail plate is a _______.
Nail dehydrator
What method of wrap removal may lead to damage of the nail plate by pulling off layers of the natural nail and can break the seal of the remainder of the enhancement?
Nipping it off
Which type of nail primers are most often used today?
Acid-free and nonacid primers
After a service, what should you do with tiny amounts of used monomer liquid left in the dappen dish?
Wipe the dappen dish with a paper towel and place the monomer liquid in a plastic bag
A properly-worn dust mask will protect you from ____.
Dust only
Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is not recommended for use on nails because they do not adhere well to the nail plate, the rigidity of the product can lead to serious natural nail damage, it is extremely difficult to remove, and ________.
The FDA says not to use it
Which of these questions can a potential employer legally ask during an interview?
Are you authorized to work in the United States?
When is the best time to think about getting your client back into the salon?
While they are still in the salon
