1.10: Social change Flashcards

1
Q

The following article appeared in a newspaper:

Britain’s views on homosexuality - the biggest social change of the last 30 years?

In the UK, views on homosexuality have changed significantly in recent times.
Thirty years ago, almost two-thirds of the British public opposed same-sex relationships, because they were ‘morally wrong.’
These days, homosexuality is accepted and the majority of British people support recent changes to the laws on gay marriage and adoption.

With reference to the article above, explain how social influence leads to social change (6 marks)

A

The factors affecting minority influence include consistency, commitment and flexibility

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2
Q

The following article appeared in a newspaper:

Britain’s views on homosexuality - the biggest social change of the last 30 years?

In the UK, views on homosexuality have changed significantly in recent times.
Thirty years ago, almost two-thirds of the British public opposed same-sex relationships, because they were ‘morally wrong.’
These days, homosexuality is accepted and the majority of British people support recent changes to the laws on gay marriage and adoption.

With reference to the article above, explain how social influence leads to social change (6 marks).
The factors affecting minority influence include consistency, commitment and flexibility.
When does social change occur?

A

Social change occurs when the minority view challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority

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3
Q

The following article appeared in a newspaper:

Britain’s views on homosexuality - the biggest social change of the last 30 years?

In the UK, views on homosexuality have changed significantly in recent times.
Thirty years ago, almost two-thirds of the British public opposed same-sex relationships, because they were ‘morally wrong.’
These days, homosexuality is accepted and the majority of British people support recent changes to the laws on gay marriage and adoption.

With reference to the article above, explain how social influence leads to social change (6 marks).
The factors affecting minority influence include consistency, commitment and flexibility.
Social change occurs when the minority view, for example what, challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority?

A

Social change occurs when the minority view, for example that of Gay Rights campaigners, challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority

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4
Q

The following article appeared in a newspaper:

Britain’s views on homosexuality - the biggest social change of the last 30 years?

In the UK, views on homosexuality have changed significantly in recent times.
Thirty years ago, almost two-thirds of the British public opposed same-sex relationships, because they were ‘morally wrong.’
These days, homosexuality is accepted and the majority of British people support recent changes to the laws on gay marriage and adoption.

With reference to the article above, explain how social influence leads to social change (6 marks).
The factors affecting minority influence include consistency, commitment and flexibility.
Social change occurs when the minority view, for example that of Gay Rights campaigners, challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority, via what?

A

Social change occurs when the minority view, for example that of Gay Rights campaigners, challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority, via the snowball effect

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5
Q

The following article appeared in a newspaper:

Britain’s views on homosexuality - the biggest social change of the last 30 years?

In the UK, views on homosexuality have changed significantly in recent times.
Thirty years ago, almost two-thirds of the British public opposed same-sex relationships, because they were ‘morally wrong.’
These days, homosexuality is accepted and the majority of British people support recent changes to the laws on gay marriage and adoption.

With reference to the article above, explain how social influence leads to social change (6 marks).
The factors affecting minority influence include consistency, commitment and flexibility.
Social change occurs when the minority view, for example that of Gay Rights campaigners, challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority, via the snowball effect.
Why is the influence of obedience also important?

A

The influence of obedience is also important, as changes to the laws make equal rights more of a social norm

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6
Q

Ise and her partner have very strong views on the safety of children and they have always argued for and sent their children to school wearing high-visibility clothing. At first, their views and behaviour were ridiculed, but they stuck to it, though they compromised a bit by getting their children to just wear fluorescent jackets. Slowly, more and more parents started sending their children to school wearing high-visibility jackets, until the majority were doing so and it has even now become official school policy.
With reference to the above passage, explain how social influence processes influence social change (6 marks)

A

Ise and her partner showed commitment, consistency and flexibility in their views about high-visibility clothing and were thus persuasive in changing people’s opinions

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7
Q

Ise and her partner have very strong views on the safety of children and they have always argued for and sent their children to school wearing high-visibility clothing. At first, their views and behaviour were ridiculed, but they stuck to it, though they compromised a bit by getting their children to just wear fluorescent jackets. Slowly, more and more parents started sending their children to school wearing high-visibility jackets, until the majority were doing so and it has even now become official school policy.
With reference to the above passage, explain how social influence processes influence social change (6 marks).
Ise and her partner showed commitment, consistency and flexibility in their views about high-visibility clothing and were thus persuasive in changing people’s opinions.
How was commitment shown?

A

Commitment was shown by sticking to their views even though they were initially ridiculed

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8
Q

Ise and her partner have very strong views on the safety of children and they have always argued for and sent their children to school wearing high-visibility clothing. At first, their views and behaviour were ridiculed, but they stuck to it, though they compromised a bit by getting their children to just wear fluorescent jackets. Slowly, more and more parents started sending their children to school wearing high-visibility jackets, until the majority were doing so and it has even now become official school policy.
With reference to the above passage, explain how social influence processes influence social change (6 marks).
Ise and her partner showed commitment, consistency and flexibility in their views about high-visibility clothing and were thus persuasive in changing people’s opinions.
Commitment was shown by sticking to their views even though they were initially ridiculed.
How was consistency shown?

A

Consistency was shown as they continued to argue for the importance of children wearing high-visibility clothing to school

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9
Q

Ise and her partner have very strong views on the safety of children and they have always argued for and sent their children to school wearing high-visibility clothing. At first, their views and behaviour were ridiculed, but they stuck to it, though they compromised a bit by getting their children to just wear fluorescent jackets. Slowly, more and more parents started sending their children to school wearing high-visibility jackets, until the majority were doing so and it has even now become official school policy.
With reference to the above passage, explain how social influence processes influence social change (6 marks).
Ise and her partner showed commitment, consistency and flexibility in their views about high-visibility clothing and were thus persuasive in changing people’s opinions.
Commitment was shown by sticking to their views even though they were initially ridiculed.
Consistency was shown as they continued to argue for the importance of children wearing high-visibility clothing to school.
How was flexibility shown?

A

Flexibility was shown as they compromised by getting their own children to just wear fluorescent jackets

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10
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks)

A

For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic

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11
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority what?

A

It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority

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12
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority.
Therefore, how should the environmental group remain when talking to members of the majority?

A

Therefore, the environmental group should remain consistent in their views when talking to members of the majority

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13
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority.
Therefore, the environmental group should remain consistent in their views when talking to members of the majority.
What would also help?

A

It would also help if the environmental group could demonstrate that they were not acting out of self-interest

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14
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority.
Therefore, the environmental group should remain consistent in their views when talking to members of the majority.
It would also help if the environmental group could demonstrate that they were not acting out of self-interest, but why?

A

It would also help if the environmental group could demonstrate that they were not acting out of self-interest, but because they believe that using public transport or bicycles is the best policy

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15
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority.
Therefore, the environmental group should remain consistent in their views when talking to members of the majority.
It would also help if the environmental group could demonstrate that they were not acting out of self-interest, but because they believe that using public transport or bicycles is the best policy.
They are not going to do what if people start following their behaviours?

A

They are not going to gain anything for themselves if people start following their behaviours

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16
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority.
Therefore, the environmental group should remain consistent in their views when talking to members of the majority.
It would also help if the environmental group could demonstrate that they were not acting out of self-interest, but because they believe that using public transport or bicycles is the best policy.
They are not going to gain anything for themselves if people start following their behaviours.
If they can also show that they have made what?

A

If they can also show that they have made personal sacrifices

17
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority.
Therefore, the environmental group should remain consistent in their views when talking to members of the majority.
It would also help if the environmental group could demonstrate that they were not acting out of self-interest, but because they believe that using public transport or bicycles is the best policy.
They are not going to gain anything for themselves if people start following their behaviours.
If they can also show that they have made personal sacrifices, such as what?

A

If they can also show that they have made personal sacrifices, such as having given up using their own cars

18
Q

A small environmental group wants to encourage people to use public transport or bicycles instead of using their cars.

Using your knowledge of the role of minority influence in social change, what advice would you give the environmental group? (6 marks).
For a minority to be successful in bringing about social change, it needs to be consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic.
It helps if the members of the minority have an internal locus of control and can show that they have the skills with which to challenge the beliefs and attitudes of the majority.
Therefore, the environmental group should remain consistent in their views when talking to members of the majority.
It would also help if the environmental group could demonstrate that they were not acting out of self-interest, but because they believe that using public transport or bicycles is the best policy.
They are not going to gain anything for themselves if people start following their behaviours.
If they can also show that they have made personal sacrifices, such as having given up using their own cars, then what?

A

If they can also show that they have made personal sacrifices, such as having given up using their own cars, then they would be much more likely to have an effect on the majority

19
Q

Explain how social influence research helps us to understand social change (6 marks)

A

Social influence research helps us to understand social change, because minorities bring about social change by being consistent, flexible and non-dogmatic. Through social crypto-amnesia and the snowball effect, gradually the minority turns into the majority.
Dictators can bring about social change through power and through the process of obedience

20
Q

What are the implications for social change of research into social influence? (6 marks)

A

Social influence research has suggested that it is minorities and independent behaviour that brings about social change (conformity maintains the status quo).
For example, a minority can challenge the beliefs and values of the majority causing them to re-think or re-evaluate their beliefs

21
Q

What are the implications for social change of research into social influence? (6 marks).
Social influence research has suggested that it is minorities and independent behaviour that brings about social change (conformity maintains the status quo).
For example, a minority can challenge the beliefs and values of the majority causing them to re-think or re-evaluate their beliefs.

A

However, this change can be slow and sometimes the majority does not even know where the ideas originated (for example social crypto-amnesia)

22
Q

What are the implications for social change of research into social influence? (6 marks).
Social influence research has suggested that it is minorities and independent behaviour that brings about social change (conformity maintains the status quo).
For example, a minority can challenge the beliefs and values of the majority causing them to re-think or re-evaluate their beliefs.
However, this change can be slow and sometimes the majority does not even know where the ideas originated (for example social crypto-amnesia).

A

It is also possible to show how a single individual can bring about considerable social change.
Sometimes it is the personality of the individual, other times it is the particular aspects of the situation, or it is a combination of these two

23
Q

Mike and his grandfather were having a conversation about recycling. Mike explained that he always puts empty cans and plastic bottles in one box and newspapers and cardboard in another box and that his mum takes these to be recycled once a week.
His grandfather said that when he was Mike’s age, people did not recycle. Mike said that everyone in his street recycles and that they have a big box at school especially for recycling.
Using your knowledge of the psychology of social change, explain why recycling is now behaviour carried out by a majority of people in this country (6 marks)

A

Social change occurs when a minority view challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority.
This can take place in several ways, such as social impact theory, the snowball effect, social cryptoamnesia or the views and beliefs of a powerful individual

24
Q

Mike and his grandfather were having a conversation about recycling. Mike explained that he always puts empty cans and plastic bottles in one box and newspapers and cardboard in another box and that his mum takes these to be recycled once a week.
His grandfather said that when he was Mike’s age, people did not recycle. Mike said that everyone in his street recycles and that they have a big box at school especially for recycling.
Using your knowledge of the psychology of social change, explain why recycling is now behaviour carried out by a majority of people in this country (6 marks).
Social change occurs when a minority view challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority.
This can take place in several ways, such as social impact theory, the snowball effect, social cryptoamnesia or the views and beliefs of a powerful individual.

A

While the recycling idea started with the minority of individuals, it is now a common behaviour (majority influence).
Many schools are now actively teaching the importance of recycling and local authorities are introducing new schemes to encourage recycling.
The majority of homes in the country have some form of recycling facility provided by their local authority

25
Q

Mike and his grandfather were having a conversation about recycling. Mike explained that he always puts empty cans and plastic bottles in one box and newspapers and cardboard in another box and that his mum takes these to be recycled once a week.
His grandfather said that when he was Mike’s age, people did not recycle. Mike said that everyone in his street recycles and that they have a big box at school especially for recycling.
Using your knowledge of the psychology of social change, explain why recycling is now behaviour carried out by a majority of people in this country (6 marks).
Social change occurs when a minority view challenges the majority view and is eventually accepted as the majority.
This can take place in several ways, such as social impact theory, the snowball effect, social cryptoamnesia or the views and beliefs of a powerful individual.
While the recycling idea started with the minority of individuals, it is now a common behaviour (majority influence).
Many schools are now actively teaching the importance of recycling and local authorities are introducing new schemes to encourage recycling.
The majority of homes in the country have some form of recycling facility provided by their local authority.

A

Through the snowball effect, what was originally a minority belief, the importance of recycling, has become a majority behaviour and accepted as the social norm